Globalization – Empire Building



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chapter 13 for CD

Global Challenges

  • Developed by
  • Joe Naumann
  • Whither Gaia?

Globalization – Empire Building

  • Ancient times
    • Alexander the Great
    • Rome
  • Middlel Ages
    • Mongol
  • 18th-19th Centuries
    • British Empire
  • 20th Century
    • Hitler (failed)
    • Soviet Union (failed)

British Empire Was The Biggest

  • Based on naval power
  • Developed along with the growth of industry
    • Markets
    • Raw materials
    • Protection of sea lanes
  • “The sun never sets on the British Empire”
  • Legacy
    • English most widely spoken language
    • Democratic ideals

British Empire & Others

19th Century Empire Dissolution

  • Spanish and Portuguese (Americas)
  • Causes
    • Primary causative event – Napoleon’s conquest of Spain & Portugal
    • Dissatisfied creoles (Spanish)
    • Encouraged by the successful revolution in the United States in North America
    • Encouraged by political philosophies expressed by Enlightenment writers
    • Encouraged by the French Revolution

20th Century Empire Dissolution

  • British, French, German, Italian, Belgian, Dutch
  • Primary causative factors: World Wars I & II
  • Improved communications
  • Educated elites in the colonies took leadership roles
  • Self-determination of peoples encouraged by United Nations charter
  • Costs increasing for economically burdened European countries
  • Retaining by force no longer feasible

Return of Hong Kong to China

  • Last major part of the former British Empire returned in 1997

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