Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed

Goal-Directed

E ort

Organizational

support

Performance

Satisfaction

Extrinsic Rewards

Individual abilities

and traits

Goal commitment

Goal di culty

Goal specificity

Intrinsic Rewards

Goal acceptance

F I G U R E 1 0 . 6

The Expanded Goal-Setting Theory of Motivation

One of the most important emerging theories of motivation is goal-setting theory.

This theory suggests that goal difficulty, specificity, acceptance, and commitment

combine to determine an individual’s goal-directed effort. This effort, when

complemented by appropriate organizational support and individual abilities and

traits, results in performance. Finally, performance is seen as leading to intrinsic and

extrinsic rewards that, in turn, result in employee satisfaction.

Source: Reprinted from Organizational Dynamics, Autumn 1979, Gary P. Latham

and Edwin A. Locke, A Motivational Technique That Works, p. 79, © 1979, with

permission from Elsevier.