Figurative language & literary devices

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Bog'liq
Are you an Optimist Vol 2

SOUND DEVICE: ASSONANCE

- repetition of VOWEL SOUNDS at the BEGINNING, MIDDLE or END of at least two words in a line of poetry.
Examples of Assonance
Repeating the “eh” sound in the words: “crescent,” “flesh,” “extending,” “medicine” and “death”

- repetition of CONSONANT SOUNDS at the BEGINNING, MIDDLE or END of at least two words in a line of poetry.
Examples of Consonance
Repeating the “sh” sound in the words: “shush,” “wish,” “sharp,” “cushion” and “quash”

- repetition of CONSONANT SOUNDS at the BEGINNING of at least two words in a line of poetry. Example of alliteration:
Examples of Alliteration
“the frog frolicked frivolously on the forest floor.”
“…Little skinny shoulder blades Sticking through your clothes…”
“…struck out by a steed flying fearless and fleet…”

The form of a poem involves the physical arrangement of the words on the page, sometimes involving rhyme and rhythm.
LINE: a sentence or fragment of sentence.
STANZA: a group of more than one line.
HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF FORM…

-a pair of lines that rhyme. A couplet may be a poem in itself or part of a larger poem.
What is an example of a COUPLET?
The artist stirred some blue and green
To paint an underwater scene.

-an unrhymed poem consisting of three lines and seventeen (17) syllables. These poems are normally about nature.
The first line is five (5) syllables.
The second line is seven (7) syllables.
The third line is five (5) syllables.
What is an example of a HAIKU?
The autumn wind blows, (5 syllables)
Calling the leaves on the ground (7 syllables)
To join him in dance. (5 syllables)

-a humorous five-line poem made up of thirteen (13) beats with an “AABBA” rhyme scheme. The poem is named after the city of Limerick in Ireland.
What is an example of a LIMERICK?
There was a young boy from Caboo, (3 beats)
Who had trouble tying his shoe. (3 beats)
He said to his ox, (2 beats)
“I’ll just walk in my socks.” (2 beats)
Now all of his friends do that, too! (3 beats)

-a four-line poem of any kind. They are often combined to form a larger poem. Its rhyme scheme may be “AABB,” “ABAB,” “ABCB,” or “ABBA.”
What is an example of a QUATRAIN?
A robin sitting in a tree (A)
Turned her head and winked at me, (A)
She sang a song as if to say, (B)
“I’m glad to see you here today.” (B)
There is nothing quite so peaceful (A)
As the sound of gentle rain, (B)
Pitter-pitter-patting (C)
Against my window pane. (B)

The running over of a line or thought into the next line without a strong break or pause
Example:
I’m feeling rather sleepy, but
I really don’t know why. I guess it
is the way the day has spun
out of control.

Poetry that does not contain regular patterns of rhyme and rhythm. The lines flow more naturally and have “everyday speech” rhythm. Poets who write in free verse often use the sound devices we have already discussed. Here’s an example from May Swenson’s “Southbound on the Freeway:
They all hiss as they glide,
like inches, down the marked
tapes. Those soft shapes,
shadowy inside
the hard bodies – are they
their guts or their brains
Label the assonance, consonance and alliteration.
What is the effect of the enjambment?

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