Fergana region uchkoprik district of professional school n-1 of english language teacher mirzaxamdamova namunaxon theme: enhancing creativity of esp students

3.2 Pragmatic success and ESP

• 3.2 Pragmatic success and ESP
• The underlying assumption for ESP is that, ideally, it contributes to maximum pragmatic success in the contexts of language use. It entails a hierarchy of encounter-types in which linguistic interaction has been ESP and non-native varieties of English observed and described. The research (see Smith [forthcoming], particularly the chapter by Candlin) on what may be termed interactional aspects of language has as yet been given very limited attention. In such research there still is no awareness of the non-native contexts in which varieties of English have been used for at least a century in distinctly localized encounter-types. The competence of such users of English varies from local educated varieties to a form of pidgin. Such localized interactional contexts also show an extensive use of 'mixing', and use of discourse types which presupposes bilingual or multilingual competence. The concepts situation, context, and attitudes are vital for understanding the issues and variables related to pragmatic failure or pragmatic success in the use of a variety of English as has been shown, e.g. in approach. In the Outer Circle, the international roles of English are highly restricted: the domesticated (or localized) roles are more extensive.