Farmasevtika instituti farmakologiya va klinik farmatsiya kafedrasi

 
4.
 
http://www.himiki.ru
 
5.
 
http://www.organicchem.com
  
6.
 
http://www.rutrecker.org
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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3. Prezentatsiyalar 
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Ferment 
Murakkab 
Oddiy
Aminokislotalar 
Oqsil qismi
(apofement)
Oqsil bo`lmagan 
qismi 
(kofaktor)
Metall ionlari
Kofermentlar
Vitaminli 
Vitamin 
bo`lmagan

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МУШАКЛАРНИНГ
МУШАКЛАРНИНГ
Қ
Қ
ИС
ИС
Қ
Қ
АРИШ
АРИШ
ТУРЛАРИ
ТУРЛАРИ
ß êêà µè ñµà ð è ø ( À ) , 
àñóì ì à ö è ÿ ( Á ) , òå òà í óñ ( Â )
1 . á è ð è í ÷ è òà ú ñè ð î ò á å ð è ø â à µòè .
2 - òà ú ñè ð î ò á å ð è ø â à µòè
 
 

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4. Tarqatma materiallar, mustaqil ta‘lim uchun materiallar 
Functional Organization of the Human Bodyand Control of the ―Internal 
Environment‖ 
 
The goal of physiology is to explain the physical and chemical factors that are responsible for 
the origin, development, and progression of life. Each type of life, from the simple virus to the largest 
tree or the complicated human being, has its own functional characteristics. Therefore, the vast field of 
physiology can be divided into 
viral physiology, bacterial physiology, cellular physiology, plant 
physiology, human physiology, 
and many more subdivisions. 
Human Physiology. 
In 
human physiology, 
we attempt to explain the specific characteristics and 
mechanisms of the human body that make it a living being. The very fact that we remain alive is the 
result of complex control systems, for hunger makes us seek food and fear makes us seek refuge. 
Sensations of cold make us look for warmth. Other forces cause us to seek fellowship and to reproduce. 
Thus, the human being is, in many ways, like an automaton, and the fact that we are sensing, feeling,
and knowledgeable beings is part of this automatic sequence of life; these special attributes allow us to 
exist under widely varying conditions. 
Cells as the Living Units of the Body 
The basic living unit of the body is the cell. Each organ is an aggregate of many different cells held 
together by intercellular supporting structures. Each type of cell is specially adapted to perform one or a 
few particular functions. For instance, the red blood cells, numbering 25 trillion in each human being, 
transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Although the red cells are the most abundant of any 
single type of cell in the body, there are about 75 trillion additional cells of other types that perform 
functions different from those of the red cell.The entire body, then, contains about 100 trillion cells. 
Although the many cells of the body often differ markedly from one another, all of them have certain 
basic characteristicsthat are alike. For instance, in all cells, oxygen reacts with carbohydrate, fat, and 
protein to release the energy required for cell function. Further, the general chemical mechanisms for 
changing nutrients into energyare basically the same in all cells, and all cells deliver end products of 
their chemical reactions into the surrounding fluids. Almost all cells also have the ability to reproduce 
additional 
cells of their own kind. Fortunately, when cells of a particular type are destroyed, the remaining cells of 
this type usually generate new cells until the supply is replenished.