Fanining stexiometrik qonunlari

50. Qutbliligi katta bo’lgan bog’ni ko’rsating.

A) H – Cl B) H – Br C) H – I D) H – O

51. Qaysi molekula qutbli kovalent bog’lanishga ega bo’lgan holda qutbsiz molekulaga misol bo’ladi?

A) N₂; B) H₂O; C) NH₃; D) CO₂

52. Kimyoviy bog’lanishning qaysi turida qattiq jismning elektr o’tkazuvchanligi yuqori bo’ladi?

A) qutbli kovalent bog’lanish;

B) qutbsiz kovalent bog’ianish;

C) metall bog’lanish; D) ion bog’lanish.

53. Suvning qaynash temperaturasi undagi kislorod atomiga o’xshash elementlar gidridlari - vodorod sulfid, vodorod selenid va vodorod telluridlarning qaynash temperaturasidan yuqori ekanligini qanday izohlash mumkin?

A) kislorod atomida d-orbital bo’lmaganligi sababli; B) kislorod atomining radiusi unga o’xshash elementlar atomming radiusidan kichik
bo’lganligi sababli;

C) suv molekulalari orasida kuchli vodorod boglanish mavjud bo’lganligi sababli;

D) suvning molekular massasi unga o’xshash elementlar molekular massasidan kichik
bo’lganligi sababli.

54. Quyidagi elementlar orasidagi bog’ning qutbliligi ortib borish tartibini toping

1) xlor – ftor; 2) brom - ftor; 3) yod – ftor;

4) brom - xlor; 5) yod – xlor; 6) yod – brom;

A) 4,6,5,1,2,3 B) 1,2,3,4,6,5

C) 4,5,6,1,2,3 D) 5,6,4,1,2,3

55. Molekulasi qutbsiz kovalent bog’lanishga ega bo’lgan moddalar qatorini aniqlang.

A) natriy gidroksid, kaliy xlorid, brom, yod;

B) xlor, vodorod yodid, azot, vodorod;

C) vodorod xlorid, olmos, xlor, yod;

D) olmos, grafit, xlor, vodorod.

56. Vodorod bog’lanish hosil qilib assotsilanmaydigan moddalarni tanlang.

1) sirka aldegid; 2) benzol; 3) metanol;

4) suv; 5) etan; 6) etanol; 7) sirka kislota;

8) atseton
A) 1, 2,5,8 B) 1,2,4 C) 1,2,4,6 D) 3,4,6,7

57. Yuqori temperaturada suyuqlanadigan, suyuqlangan holda elektr tokini o’tkazadigan va suvda yaxshi eriydigan moddada qaysi turdagi kimyoviy bog’lanish mavjud bo’ladi?

A) kovalent; B) vodorod; C) metall; D) ion.

58. Molekulasida donor-akseptor bog’ bo’lgan moddani aniqlang.

1) uglerod (IV) oksid; 2) kislorod; 3) is gazi;

4) ammoniy xlorid; 5) fosfin; 6) azot (V) oksid;

7) kaliy nitrat; 8) xlor.
A) 1,2,5,8 B) 3,4,6,7 C) 1,3,4,8 D) 4,5,6,7

59. Molekulasi qutbli kovalent bog’lanishga ega bo’lgan moddani aniqlang.

A) O₂; B) N₂; C) HCl; D) H₂.

60. o-nitrofenolning qaynash temperaturasi (45°C) m-nitrofenolnikidan (97° C) patsligining sababini aniqlang

A) m-nitrofenolda vodorod bog’lanish bor,

o-nitrofenolda yo’q;

B) m-nitrofenolning molekular massasi katta;

C) o-nitrofenolda ichki molekular vodorod bog’lanish, m-nitrofenolda molekulalararo vodorod bog’lanish mavjud;

D) ularning kristall panjaralari turlicha.

61. N₂O₅ dagi azot atomining oksidlanish darajasini, valentligini va donor-akseptor bog’lar sonini aniqlang.

A) +5, 4, 2; B) +5, 4, 1;

C) +5, 5, 0; D) +4, 5,0.

62. Vodorod bog’i hisobiga assotsilanadigan moddalarni toping.

1) propanal; 2) butanol-2; 3) butadiyen-1,3;

4) 2-xlorpropan; 5) sirka kislota;

6) trimetilamin; 7) 1-aminopropan.

A) 2,3,4; B) 1,5,6; C) 2,5,7; D) 1,2,6.

63. Molekulasida donor-akseptor bog’ bo’lgan moddani aniqlang.

1) uglerod (IV) oksid; 2) kislorod; 3) is gazi;

4) ammoniy xlorid; 5) fosfin, 6) azot (V) oksid;

7) kaliy nitrat; 8) xlor
A) 1, 2, 5, 8; B) 3, 4, 6, 7;

C) 1, 3, 4, 8; D) 4, 5, 6, 7.

64. Agar kimyoviy bog’ hosil bo’lishida juftlashmagan elektronlardan tashqari shu elementning bo’linmagan elektron jufti bilan ikkinchi element, tashqi energetik qavatining bo’sh orbitali ishtirok etsa, hosil bo’lgan bog’ qanday nomlanadi?

A) kovalent bog’; B) vodorod bog’;

C) ion bog’; D) donor-akseptor mexanizmi bo’yicha kovalent bog’.