Ф 03-03 Kasymova Zh. Zh

22.3. Scan the text “Well stimulation”. Find the particular information:
• what stimulation is;
• techniques for well stimulation;
• definition for each type of the technique.


22.4. Themes of SIW

1. A number of stimulation techniques

2. Basic types of acidizing
3. Hydraulic fracturing
4. Modern methods for increasing well production

Practical class №23. Enhanced oil recovery methods
Aims of practical lesson is introduction with enhanced oil recovery methods and their types
23.1. Lexical terms and word combinations
Implementation –реализация
thermal recovery – тепловое восстановление
thermal injection – термическая закачка
advanced – передавой
speculative – умозрительный
miscible flooding – смешивающееся наводнениие
approach – подход
displacement - смещение
interfacial tension – межфазное натяжение
reduce –уменшение
refer – обращаться
interacting –взаимодействующий
efficiency –эффективность
relies –полагается
behavior - поведение
strongly –сильно
23.2.Reading Passage
Enhanced oil recovery (abbreviated EOR) is the implementation of various techniques for increasing the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an oil field. Enhanced oil recovery is also called tertiary recovery. According to the US Department of Energy, there are three primary techniques for EOR: thermal recovery, gas injection, and chemical injection. Sometimes the term quaternary recovery is used to refer to more advanced, speculative, EOR techniques. Using EOR, 30 to 60 percent, or more, of the reservoir's original oil can be extracted, compared with 20 to 40 percent using primary and secondary recovery.

Techniques

There are three primary techniques of EOR: gas injection, thermal injection, and chemical injection. Gas injection, which uses gases such as natural gas, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide (CO₂). Chemical injection, which can involve the use of long-chained molecules called polymers to increase the effectiveness of waterfloods.