Expression in modern english

EXPRESSION IN MODERN ENGLISH


Plan:

Introduction 2
1. Parts of the speech as a way of expressing the subject. 6
2. It as the subject of the sentence. 13
3. Ways of expressing the subject in Fiction 20
Conclusion 27
Literature 29

Introduction

The actuality of the theme. Our Republic was faced with the necessity of creating new legislation corresponding with new realities, with the conditions of Independence after the Independence was proclaimed and the Parliament coped with this task, there have been adopted new Laws and new Resolutions.
Under the guidance of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, special attention is paid to the formation of harmoniously developed, highly educated, modern thinking generation, able to take responsibility for the fate of the Homeland. Therefore, the task of education, the task of rising up a new generation who is capable of national renaissance will remain the prerogative of the state and constitute a priority. At present great importance is attached to the study and teaching of foreign languages.
The resolution of the President of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve system of foreign languages teaching” dated from 10 December 2012; the resolution of the Ministers’ Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About the Affirmation of the Education Standards on Foreign Languages in Education System” dated from 8 May 2013; The resolution No 4947of the President of Uzbekistan “Strategies of Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Five Priority Directions for 2017-2021 years” dated from 7 February 2017 are being implemented as well. Persistent works on raising awareness of the public concerning the essence and significance of the resolution“. Aiming to implement the resolution, some special people in the government are working on preparing and approving new teaching plans and programs taking into account introduction of foreign language teaching from the initial classes of the public schools, ensuring its execution are being carried out.
Actuality of the work maintains the basic functions of the subject in the sentence as one of the main constituents and its continual study due to this fact. That is a linguistic phenomenon having been introduced into education on different educative levels starting from the simplest definitions in primary school and reaching gradually deep theoretical interpretations of the subject in the institutions of higher education.
Almost every sentence can be divided into certain components which are called parts of the sentence. Parts of the sentence are usually classified into main and secondary. The main parts of the sentence are the subject and the prediсate. They constitute the backbone of the sentence. The secondary parts of the sentence are the object, the attribute, the apposition and the adverbial modifier. The secondary parts of the sentence modify the main parts or each other.
Besides these two kinds of sentence components there are so-called independent elements, that is, elements standing outside the structure of the sentence, and therefore of lesser importance. The independent elements are parenthesis and direct address.
Any part of the sentence may be expressed in four ways, that is, by a single word-form or a word-form preceded by a formal word, by a phrase, by a predicative complex, or by a clause. The only exception is the verbal predicate which can be neither a predicative complex nor a clause.
Every English sentence but the one-member and the imperative one must have a subject. The subject is one of the two main parts of the, sentence. The most important feature of the subject in English is that in declarative sentences it normally comes immediately before the predicate, whereas in questions its position is immediately after an operator. It means that in English sentences any word or words which occur in these positions are to be treated as the subject of the sentence.The subject determines the form of the verbal part of the predicate as regards its number and person.
The predicate is the second main part of the sentence and its organizing centre, as the object and nearly all adverbial modifiers are connected with, and dependent on, it.The predicate may be considered from the semantic or from the structural point of view. Structurally the predicate in English expressed by a finite verb agrees with the subject in number and person. The only exception to this rule is a compound modal and a simple nominal predicate, the latter having no verb form at all.
According to the meaning of its components, the predicate may denote an action, a state, a quality, or an attitude to some action or state ascribed to the subject. These different meanings find their expression in the structure of the predicate and the lexical meaning of its constituents.
All the words of the English language are grouped into different types of classes. This classification is based on three main principles:
1) their grammatical meaning;
2) their form
3) their syntactical characteristics.
By the first we understand the meaning common to all the words of the class, such as thingness for the noun or either process or state for the verb.
By the second we mean the morphological characteristics of the class meant, such as the number of the noun or the voice of the verb.
By the third - the combinability and the syntactical functions of a type of word.
The objectives of this scientific work is to represent ascending steps to the main goal of the project:
1. to define the notion of the subject;
2. to present the classification of the subject according to the theoretical sources of the examined works of the linguists.
3. agreement of the subject with the predicate