Explain the following concepts and determine their role in research

Task on RW

Explain the following concepts and determine their role in research:

1. 
   APA style
   

APA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). For sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number, for example: (Field, 2005, para. 1). More information on direct quotation of sources without pagination is given on the APA Style and Grammar Guidelines web page.

2. 
   Qualitative and Quantitative research
   

Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions.
Qualitative research is expressed in words. It is used to understand concepts, thoughts or experiences. This type of research enables you to gather in-depth insights on topics that are not well understood. Common qualitative methods include interviews with open-ended questions, observations described in words, and literature reviews that explore concepts and theories.

3. 
   Abstract
   

An abstract is a 150- to 250-word paragraph that provides readers with a quick overview of your essay or report and its organization. It should express your thesis (or central idea) and your key points; it should also suggest any implications or applications of the research you discuss in the paper.

4. 
   Literature review
   

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research.

5. 
   Results and Discussion
   

The results section is a section containing a description about the main findings of a research, whereas the discussion section interprets the results for readers and provides the significance of the findings. 
In the discussion section, outline your thoughts to defend your research and to emphasize the significance of your research. Use good writing, clear argumentations, and logical explanations in this section to support your conclusion

6. 
   Data collection
   

In this section, you give all of the specific information about how you actually collected data and what happened when you did. For example, you might detail the number of questionnaires you distributed, when you distributed them, to whom you gave them, and how many were returned. Be thorough in collecting and reporting data because minor details may turn out to be quite significant. Do keep in mind that this section is for factual information about the data collection processsave your analysis for the next section.

7. 
   Appendix
   

This section is optional. You may choose to place samples of your research tools and other such materials in the body of the paper, but if they interrupt the flow of your exposition, you might want to put them in an appendix and avoid the interruptions. You will be describing these materials and explaining their use in detail in the body of the paper, and readers can easily go the appendix if they want to see a sample of these materials.

8. 
   Citation, quotation, referencing
   

A citation tells the readers where the information came from. In your writing, you cite or refer to the source of information.

Quotation is an important technique used to include information from outside sources in academic writing. When using quotations, it is important that you also cite the original reference that you have taken the quotation from, as your citations provide your reader with a map of the research that you have done

A reference gives the readers details about the source so that they have a good understanding of what kind of source it is and could find the source themselves if necessary. The references are typically listed at the end of the lab report.