Experience in innovative development of services in trade enterprises

Senior Lecturer, Department of Digital Economy, Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service - Rakhimov Zafar Kamilovich

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In Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service Student of IK-520 group "Economics" - Normuminov Islomjon Shokir ugli

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EXPERIENCE IN INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SERVICES IN TRADE ENTERPRISES

Trade is an important chain of economic relations in the process of movement of goods from producers to consumers in the supply of goods. In trade, material resources are transferred from the process of circulation to the community, individual, private consumption, that is, become the property of consumers. This process is carried out through bargaining, as consumers exchange the goods they need for their own income. This opens up new opportunities for a new cycle of production and circulation, because in this case the goods become money.

Trade involves the sale of goods for personal consumption, to organizations, enterprises, institutions for public consumption and economic needs.

The main factor influencing business activity in Russia, including trade (47.9% of small enterprises are trade enterprises in 2002) is the state regulation of prices for goods.

Trading enterprises are divided into several types. Retail outlets in Russia are classified into the following types: Department Store, Department Store "Children's World", store-warehouse, hypermarket, Universam (Supermarket), gastronomy, food (mini-market), "Daily necessities", "Non-food products" , specialty store, non-specialty store, trading house, commission shop.

In developed countries, retail trade is carried out through various channels. According to the British organization Euromonitor, 80.6% of goods sold in France were sold through retail outlets, 2.8% through convenience stores, 2.7% through wholesalers and 5.0% through industrial companies.

Foreign trade turnover from the US store (mail, telephone, e-commerce, vending machines, etc.) is 12.0%.

Types of stores are classified by different characters. The following types of stores are recommended by Euromonitor:

• Consumer markets, sales area 1000-2500 sq.m. and trades with a wide range of goods (common in Germany and Austria);

• “konviniens stroz” – trades in daily necessities;

• department stores, sales area 2400 sq.m. and employs no less than 25 vendors;

• discount stores, selling goods at low prices;

• hypermarkets, sales area 10-50 thousand sq.m. and the nomenclature of goods is 25-50 thousand species. According to the European Trade Institute, Carrefouz (823 outlets), Leclerc (391), Auchan (321) and Casino (299) are among the largest hypermarkets in Europe. In Germany, hypermarkets began to be established in the 1960s, according to the European Trade Institute, initially 50 hypermarkets were established, in 1980 – 1,323, and in 2006 – 2,600;

• Supermarkets, according to the European Trade Institute, have a sales area of ​​800 to 2000 sq.m. forms. In the United States, 70.0 percent of food is sold through supermarkets, in Brazil - 31.0 percent, and in Poland - 13.0 percent. According to AC Nielsen, supermarkets account for 10.0 percent of total turnover in Moscow;

• “Verayeti” ¬¬¬– 1500 sq.m. is a trading hall where consumers are self-serving.

The lack of special attention in the construction of modern trade enterprises in our country has a negative impact on the movement of people and cars. In addition, in economically developed countries, the activities of employees of consumer protection organizations have been organized for large-scale commercial enterprises.