Chapter 6
The Formula of Humanity
Depending on your perspective, the philosopher Immanuel Kant was either
the most boring person who ever lived or a productivity hacker’s wet dream.
For forty years he woke up every morning at five o’clock and wrote for
exactly three hours. He would then lecture at the same university for exactly
four hours, and then eat lunch at the same restaurant every day. Then, in the
afternoon, he would go on an extended walk
through the same park, on the
same route, leaving and returning home at the exact same time. He did this for
forty years. Every. Single. Day.
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Kant was efficiency personified. He was so mechanical in his habits, that
his neighbors joked that they could set their clocks by when he left his
apartment. He would depart for his daily walk at three thirty in the afternoon,
have dinner with the
same friend most evenings, and after working some
more, would go to bed at exactly ten every night.
Despite sounding like a colossal bore, Kant was one of the most important
and influential thinkers in world history. And from his single-room apartment
in Königsberg, Prussia, he did more to steer
the world than most kings,
presidents, prime ministers, or generals before and since.
If you’re living in a democratic society that protects individual freedoms,
you have Kant partially to thank for that. He was one of the first to argue that
all people have an inherent dignity that must be regarded and respected.
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He
was the first person ever to envision a global governing body that could
guarantee peace across much of the world (an idea that would eventually
inspire the formation of the United Nations).
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His
descriptions of how we
perceive space and time would later help inspire Einstein’s discovery of the
theory of relativity.
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He was one of the first to suggest the possibility of
animal rights.
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He reinvented the philosophy of aesthetics and beauty.
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He
resolved the two-hundred-year-old philosophical debate between rationalism
and empiricism in the span of a couple of hundred pages.
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And as if all that
weren’t enough, he reinvented moral philosophy,
from top to bottom,
overthrowing ideas that had been the basis of Western civilization since
Aristotle.
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Kant was an intellectual powerhouse. If Thinking Brains had biceps,
Kant’s Thinking Brain was the Mr. Olympia of the intellectual universe.
As with his lifestyle, Kant was rigid and uncompromising in his view of
the world. He believed that there was a clear right and wrong,
a value system
that transcended and operated outside any human emotions or Feeling Brain
judgments.
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Moreover, he lived what he preached. Kings tried to censor him;
priests condemned him; academics envied him. Yet none of this slowed him
down.
Kant didn’t give a fuck. And I mean that in the truest and profoundest
sense of the phrase.
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He is the only thinker I have ever come across who
eschewed hope and the flawed
human values it relied upon; who confronted
the Uncomfortable Truth and refused to accept its horrible implications; who
gazed into the abyss with nothing but logic and pure reason; who, armed with
only the brilliance of his mind, stood before the gods and challenged them . . .
. . . and somehow won.
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But to understand Kant’s
Herculean struggle, first we must take a detour,
and learn about psychological development, maturity, and adulthood.
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