ETeri gigauri emigraciidan dabrunebuli qalebi da maTi ojaxebi: status quo Tu genderuli cvlilebebi

emigraciis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi Sedegebi
rogorc kvlevis Sedegebidan Cans, ZiriTadi problema, rac qalebs emigraciaSi awuxebT, aris ojaxisagan da Svilebisagan moSoreba. sxva problemaze ZiriTadad ar saubrobdnen. im qalebs, romelTac mimReb qveyanaSi sxva axloblebic hyavdaT, ufro gauadvildaT ojaxisagan moSoreba. Zalian gamiWirda pirveli periodSi, pirveli mizezi is aris, rom ena ar vicodi, me rom wavedi erTi sityva ar vicodi. axla me ra samuSaosac vasrulebdi Zalian mZime iyo, umZimesi mosavleli iyo is qali. or kviraSi erTxel sxva qalebi icvlebodnen aseTi saqmis Sesrulebisas, radgan uZneldebodaT. avadmyofis movla iyo Zneli, Tore danarCen saojaxo saqmesac vasrulebdi da aranairi problema ar mqonia. aseve Zalian miZneldeboda is, rom ojaxisagan daSorebiT viyavi da ver veguebodi.

(maia, 50 wlis, TurqeTi)

rom giTxraT exla amerikaSi Casvlis pirveli periodi didad ar gamWirvebia. SeiZleba imitom, rom vicodi didi xniT ar unda davrCeniliyavi. ai sxvebisgan rom vigeb xolme, rom uWirT Casvlis pirveli periodi, mase ar vyofilvar. aseve albaT imanac Semiwyo xeli, rom erTi Svili iq myavda da periodulad vaxerxebdiT Sexvedras. me sxva StatSi viyavi da Cemi Svili sxva StatSi.

(nino, 50 wlis, amerika)

nu ara exla, ojaxidan, rom wavedi yvela normalur adamians gauWirdeba. miTumetes, rom Zalian saimedod myavda datovebuli Cemi Svilebi. ojaxis datoveba miWirda, Tore exla sxva mxriv araferi ar gamWirvebia. arc ucxo qveyanaSi cxovreba da arc marto cxovreba.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi)

respondentebis umetesoba sakuTari qveynis gareT pirvelad iyo wasuli da sakmaod gauWirdaT ojaxTan daSoreba. swored ojaxTan daSorebas asaxelebdnen emigraciis uaryofiT Sedegad. aseve ramodenime qali saubrobda janmrTelobis gauaresebaze, radgan iq Zalian mZime samuSaos asrulebdnen. sxva uaryofiT Sedegze TiTqmis arc erT qals ar usaubria. kvlevam gviCvena, rom adamiani rac ufro motivirebuli da mizandasaxuli iyo, miT ufro uadvildeboda adaptacia, rac, Tavis mxriv, uadvilebda samSoblosagan da ojaxisagan daSorebas.

miuxedavad imisa, rom qalebis umravlesobas Zalian uWirda ojaxTan daSoreba, emigraciis dadebiT Sedegebze gacilebiT mets saubrobdnen, vidre uaryofiT mxareebze. zogisaTvis dadebiTi Sedegi ojaxis daxmareba da ekonomikuri “krizisis” daZleva iyo, xolo zogisaTvis sakuTari Tavis gamocda, ramodenime qalisaTvis emigraciis dadebiTi Sedegi maTi damoukideblobis motana da sakuTari Tavis gamocda iyo, razec wasvlis win arc ki fiqrobdnen. Tumca, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom sxva formiT dasmuli kiTxvis dros sxva qalebmac daasaxeles emigraciis dadebiT Sdegad maTi gaZlireba da damoukidebloba. aseve, erTma qalma intervius msvlelobisas dadebiT Sedegad daasaxala is, rom misi ar yofnis periodSi misi qal-vaJis urTierToba ufro kargad Camoyalibda da metad daaxlovdnen. misi azriT, es iyo misi wasvlis erTaderTi dadebiTi Sedegi.. exla dadebiTi ra giTxra, ai exlac anukis werilebi exlac Senaxuli maqvs. amaT yovelTvis imas vTxovdi, rom da_Zmani Zalian axlo damokidebilebaSi unda iyoT. ai es periodic, mama amaTgan cota gariyuli iyo, da-Zma SerCa erTmaneTs pirispir. yvelaferi iyo amaTi gadasawyveti, ra unda gaekeTebinaT, ra unda eyidaT. Anu, Cemi wasvlis ZiriTadi dadebiTi Sedegi da-Zmis urTierTobis ukeT Camoyalibeba iyo. Tore dedis gareSe arc amaTTvis iyo kargi da advili da arc CemTvis. uaryofiTi swored is iyo, rom me ar viyavi Svilebis gverdiT da ase wvalobdnen, anuki rogor wvalobda axla. Zroxa gvyavda im dros saxlSi, is dgeboda diliT adre, rom eWmia da moevlo. Cemi meuRle diliT adre gadioda, taqsaobda da ar hqonda imis dro, rom. ZiriTadad anaze (Svili) iyo yvelaferi ra.

(maia, 50 wlis, TurqeTi)

italiaSi wasvlas bevri dadebiTi da bevri uaryofiTi Sedegebi moyva. dadebiTi pirvel rigSi is, rom Zalian bevri qveyana vnaxe, bevri gavige maTi cxovrebis Sesaxeb. aseve bevri uaryofiTi Sedegic moyva. magaliTad, is, rom fsiqologiurad Zalian mZime iyo ojaxisagan, bavSvebisagan moSorebiT cxovreba. Tumca, mainc SevZeli ojaxis nawilobriv daxmareba.

(maka, 34 wlis, italia)

dadebiTi is iyo, rom finansurad Zalian gavZlierdi, viswavle xalxTan urTierToba. bevri kargi megobari SeviZine da dRemde vmegobrob maTTan. rogorc ukve giTxariT, Cemi wasvlis mizani isic iyo, rom Cemi qmrisaTvis damenaxvebin, rom SevZlebdi mis gareSe cxovrebas... xo da SevZeli Cemi Tavis gamocda da davanaxe ro, mec var damoukidebeli pirovneba. ai es aris Cemi wasvlis dadebiTi Sedegi.

(ira, 41 wlis, norvegi)
emigraciaSi SeZenili unar_Cvevebi da gamocdileba
respondentebi intervius msvlelobisas saubrobdenen im unar_Cvevebze da gamocdilebaze, rac maT emigraciaSi yofnisas SeiZines. ramodenime qalma teqnikis moxmarebis swavla daasaxela axal unarad, asve qalebi im Cvevebzec saubrobdnen, romlebic sazRvargareT yofnisas SeiZines. kerZod punqtualoba, drois fasis SegrZneba, aseve fulis dazogva da mofrTxileba. rogorc qalebi aRniSnavdnen, maT cxovrebis didi gamocdileba miiRes. exla gamocdilebebs marTla iZen adamiani. jer erTi, me pirovnulad var rogori adamiani ici? weRanac vTqvi kontaqturi ar var da adamianebTan advilad ver Sevdivar kontaqtSi. ai Sinaganad var mSiSara adamiani. yvelafris meSinia. SeiZleba 10jer ukeTesad SemiZlia im raRacis gakeTeba, magram erTi nabijiT yovelTvis ukan vdgebodi, ar minda Tavis warmoCena. Tavidan isic ki gamiWirda da Zalian vinerviule, rom transportSi marto unda Cavmjdariyavi da wavsuliyavi TurqeTSi. magram mere da mere ukve gimuSavdeba is raRac, rom Seni Tavia marto, aravis daxmarebis imedi ar gaqvs da unda gaakeTo. unda iyo damoukidebeli. ojaxSi, sadac vmuSaobdi raRac raRaceebi viswavle axali. exla iq yvelaferi teqnikazea, es aris sarecxi manqana, WurWlis sarecxi manqana, movla, dasufTaveba, yvelaferi es teqnikiT xdeba. viswavle aseve gansxvavebuli saWmelebis keTeba. am weliwadnaxevris ganmavlobaSi marTlac bevri ram viswavle da didi gamocdilebac miviRe ra.

( maia, 50 wlis, TurqeTi)

ra gamocdileba da is gamocdileba, rom aravin sando ar aris, aravis ar unda endo Tu ara Sen Tavs. gamocdileba erTi eg. wvril-wvrilad raRaceebis mofrTxileba viswavle, ekonomia. iq Cemi ojaxis kaci Zalian ekonomiurad cxovrobda, yvelafers ufrTxildeboda. mec mas vbaZavdi, fuls vzogavdi. Cemi muSaobis da Cemi fulis fasi gavige. wvalebiT aRebul fuls vinaxavdi da araferSi ar vxarjavdii. SeiZleba maRaziebSi gavsuliyavi, magram ar vxarjavdi, kapikebs vufrTxildebodi.

(lia, 30 wlis, TurqeTi)

xo SeviZine, raRac saqmianoba viswavle. mere iq axlobels hqonda maRaziisnairi, iqac vexmarebodi. iq ukve sxva saqmianobaSi vexmarebodi. rogor giTxraT, iqve maRaziis gverdiT hqondaT patara kafe da iq sursaTis momaragebaSic vexmarebodi. eg ukve saxalisod. bevri megobari SeviZine, Zalian didi gamocdileba SeviZine cxovrebisagan, marto miwevda cxovreba ZiriTadad. aq mainc meuRleze var damokidebuli, manamde dedaze viyavi damokidebuli. aese ra vici aba.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi)

qalebis umravlesobam interius msvlelobisas aRniSna, rom emigraciaSi wasvlam maT, garda axali unar-Cvevebisa, meti damoukidebloba da meti Tavdajerebulobac moutana. maTi azriT, ucxo qveyanaSi wasuli adamiani TavisTavad xdeba damoukidebeli, radgan iq yvelaferi maTi gadasawyvetia, aravis ar ekiTxebian azrs da “sakuTari Tavis patronebi da batonebi Tavad arian.” xolo, rac Seexeba Tavdajerebulobas, qalebis umravlesobis azriT, maTi Tavdajerebuloba ganapiroba ara marto ucxo qveyanaSi cxovrebam da iq miRebulma gamocdilebam, aramed aseve maTma Semosavalma da ekonomiurma mdgomareobam. kvlevis Sedegebma gviCvena, rom sami gamokiTxuli qali arc emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde iyo damoukideblobas moklebuli, Tumca iq ufro gaizarda maTi damoukidebloba. eg TavisTavad ukve modis. rom grZnob, rom ojaxSi mTavari Semomtani Sen xar, ai Sen aRebul fuls saiTac ginda iqiT uqnav gezs, sxvaze ar xar damokidebuli, izrdeba Seni Zalaufleba da gadawyvetilebis miRebis SesaZlebloba.

(maia, 50 wlis, TurqeTi)

ar vici exla ra giTxraT magasTan dakavSirebiT. zogadad adamiani, romelic absoliturad ucxo qveyanaSi midis, iqneba es SromiTi migracia Tu sxva, metad damoukidebeli xdeba. maszea yvelaferi damokidebuli, sakuTari Tavis batoni da patroni Tavad aris. miT umetes, Tu anazRaurebac xels uwyobs. ase iyo Cems SemTxvevaSic. rac Semexeba me, arc wasvlamde viyavi damoukideblobas moklebuli. Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom amerikaSi yofnam didi gamocdileba Semmata. metad damoukidebeli gavxdi, bevri rame sxva TvaliT davinaxe. davinaxe, rom qalebsac imdenives gakeTeba da atana SeuZliaT, ramdenic mamakacebs.

(nino, 50 wlis, amerika)

me bunebiT aziati var, xolo norvegiaSi yofnisas davinaxe, rom qalsac SeuZlia xmis amoReba da imis Tqma, rom mec SemiZlia raRacis gakeTeba. iq yofnam momitana piradi damoukidebloba. exla raSi gamoviyene Cemi damoukidebloba. wasvlamde me da Cems qmars Zalian daZabuli urTierToba gvqonda. Camosvlis Semdeg me gamoviyene Cemi damoukidebloba da finansuri mdgomareoba da vaiZule Cemi qmari gamosworebuliyo. mivxvdi, rom ar unda Sevkvdomodi Cems qmars. davinaxe, rom saWiroa Sens cxovrebazec izruno. rom ar unda iyo mTeli cxovreba sxvisi mona.

(ira, 41 wlis, norvegia)

rogorc ukve vTqvi italiaSi wasvlamdec viyavi damoukidebeli, magram iq wasvliT ufro damoukidebeli gavxdi. Cemi azriT, Cemi metad damoukidebloba ganapiroba ucxo qveyanaSi marto cxovrebam. sadac yvelaferi, magaliTad is, Tu ra unda Wamo, damTavrebuli imiT, Tu visTan unda waxvide, Seni gadasawyvetia da aravis ar ekiTxebi. Anu, Cem SemTxvevaSi Cemi damoukidebloba ucxo qveyanaSi marto cxovrebam ganapiroba. kide davinaxe iqauri qalebi rogor cxovreben. ese ar aris ra ai, rogorc CvenTan TelavSia, iq qalebi qmrebis morCilebi ar arian ra... davinaxe iqauri qalebi rogor cxovroben. mTlad mase ar var, mara vcdilobdi mainc ro mimebaZa ra.

(maka, 34 wlis, italia)

gamokiTxuli qalebis umravlesoba emigraciaSi SeZenil damoukideblobas da Tavdajerebulobas ZiriTadad ojaxSi gadaawyvetilebebis miRebisas iyenebs. Tumca, rogorc es qalebi intervius msvlelobisas aRniSnavdnen, cdiloben maTi damoukidebloba qmrebisaTvis gamaRizianebeli ar iyos, amitom yovelTvis akontroleben sakuTar qcevebs. rogorc qalebis pasuxebidan Cans, maTi qmrebi arc ise dadebiTad Sexvdnen qalebSi momxdar cvlilebebs.

roca saberZneTSi viyavi, Cemi damoukidebloba is iyo, rom aravis ar vekiTxebobi ra unda gamekeTebina. Cem damoukideblobas viyenebdi yvelaferSi. iqneboda es sadme wasvla, raimes yidva, vinmesTan Sexvedra da Tu sxva. yvelanairad damoukidebeli viyavi. erTaderTi am yvelafers Cems samuSaos vuTanxmebdi. albaT, rogorc yvela sxva qalebis SemTxvevaSi, es mdgomareoba Seicvala TelavSi dabrunebis Semdeg. exla, roca sxva adamianTan erTad cxovrob, miT umetes qmarTan erTad, rac ar unda exla damoukidebeli iyo, mogiwevs misi azris gaTvaliswineba. rac ar unda damoukideblobaze isaubro, ojaxSi giwevs raRaceebis daTmoba. magram me mainc vfiqrob, rom meti damoukidebloba momitana saberZneTSi wasvlam. iciT, rogor xdeba es? Sen romc ar gindodes marto cxovrebas ucxo qveyanaSi damoukdebloba TavisTavad moaqvs ase iyo Cems SemTxvevaSic. rac Zalian madgeba aq cxovrebaSic. ai magaliTad metad damoukidebeli var, roca sadme wasvlis sakiTxs vwyvet.

(naTela, 45 wlis, saberZneTi)

Cemi qmari dRemde buzRunebs, Tavidan ki nebarTva damrTo wassvlaze, magram arc dadebiTad ar Sexvedria da ar siamovnebda Cemi iq wasvla.

(qeTino, 50 wlis, saberZneTi)


emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde
rac Seexeba ojaxSi rolebis ganawilebas, amis Sesaxeb ufro sxvadasxvagvari pasuxebi dafiqsirda qalebis mxridan. qalebis umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom saojaxo saqmiT TviTon ufro datvirTulebi iyvnen, vidre qmrebi, Tumca maT es bunebriv mdgomareobad miaCndaT da aseve qmrebis mier Sesrulebul saqmes ufro met mniSvnelobas da Rirebulebas aniWebdnen. erT-erT aseT saqmed ramodenime qalma zamTrisaTvis SeSis motana_dabinaveba daasaxela. “yvelaze mniSvnelovani, magaliTad rac SeSis motanaa, Cemi qmari agvarebs.” Aseve, bavSvebze pasuxismgeblebi ZiriTadad qalebi iyvnen.

yvelaferi Cemi gasakeTebeli iyo. bavSvebs me vuvlidi, me vzrunavdi maT swavlaze. magaT mamas sul ar enaRvleboda magaTi araferi. mere biWebi arian da saWiroa ro mamasTan axlo urTierToba hqondeT, gverdSi hyavdes. magaram ara, magisTvis ar scalia. eg Tu saxlSi iyo, ocnebobda da imedis koSkebs gvigebda.

(manana, 45 wlis, saberZneTi)

Tumca, rogorc kvlevis Sedegebi gviCvenebs, is movaleobebi da is pasuxismgeblobebi, rac qalebis ojaxis mimarT gaaCndaT, qalebis ar yofnis periodSi nawilobriv maT qmrebze gadavida. rogorc qalebi aRniSnavdnen, ojaxSi darCenili mamakacebi ufro metad zrunavdenen Svilebze, vidre maTi yofnis periodSi. xolo, rac Seexeba saojaxo saqmes amas ufro naklebad asrulebdnen. ojaxSi darCenil mamakacebs ZiriTadad axlo naTesavebi exmarebodnen.

rogorc ukve aRvniSne, Cemi ar yofnis periodSi imas, rasac me vasrulebdi

gadavida Cem qmarze da Cem Svilebze, radgan ojaxSi sxva aravin ar iyo.

darecxva da dasufTaveba ZiriTadad Cems Svilebs evalebodaT, magram

rogorc miyvebodnen xolme, Cemi qmaric mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda

saxlis saqmis Sesrulebisas.

(nino, 50 wlis, amerika)

minda giTxraT, rom Cemi ar yofnis periodSi Cemi qmari metad daitvirTa.

rogorc ki dro gamouCndeboda, saxlSi morboda bavSvebTan. roca kacma

ici, rom ojaxSi qali ar aris da bavSvebi martoebi arian, meti

pasuxismgebloba aqvs. Cemi aq yofnisas Tu saRamos gvian modioda saxlSi,

roca me wasuli viyavi, adre modioda, SualedebSic Semoirbenda xolme.

metad yuradRebiani iyo. maSin yvelaferi magaze iyo damokidebuli.

dedaCemic ki exmarebodaT da bavSvebs gverdSi edga, magram Cemma qmarma

aiRo mainc Tavis Tavze saojaxo saqme.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi)

rogorc kvlevis Sedegebma gviCvena, gamgzavrebamde qalebi ZiriTadad qmrebze iyvnen damokidebulni da maT emorCilebodnen. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, maTi sityva iyo gadamwyveti. is qalebic ki aseT azrs afiqsirebdnen, romlebic Tvlian, rom damoukideblebi iyvnen emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde. magaliTad 34 wlis irina, romelic intervius msvlelobaSi ramdenjerme aRniSnavda, rom gamgzavrebamde damoukidebeli pirovneba iyo, aseT azrs afiqsirebs:

me vTvli, rom me da Cems qmars yovelTvis kargi urTierToba gvqonda.

rogorc yvela ojaxSi, CvenTanac iyo xolme patar-patara gaugebrobebi.

magram iseTi araferi. Wkvianma qalma yovelTvis icis ise moiqces, rom

qmari ar gaaRizianos da ar gaanerviulos. gana me ar mindoda xolme Cemi

surviliT movqceuliyavi, magram me yovelTvis Cems qmars vuwevdi angariSs.

(irina 34 wlis)

gamokiTxuli qalebis gamgzavrebamde, ojaxSi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis da Zalauflebis mxriv upiratesoba maT qmrebs eniWebodaT, imis miuxedavad, isini arCendnen ojaxs Tu ara. amas ki intervius msvlelobisas qalebi qarTuli tradciebiT da wesebiT xsnidenen. rogorc Tavad qalebi aRniSnavdenen, emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde aseTi mdgomareoba normad miaCndaT.

samagierod ojaxSi gadawyvetilebebs Cemi qmari iRebda erTpirovnulad. is iyo ufrosis rolSi. es iyo Cveulebrivi qarTuli tradiciebi, romelsac vemorCilebodi. me viyavi ase gazrdili, rom vemorCilebodi ai swored im norvegiam damanaxa, rom ar unda iyo ase damorCilebuli. ise viyavi gazrdili, rom megona Cems qmars yvelaferSi unda davmorCilebodi. arasdros ar vewinaaRmdegebodi Cems qmars. mere mivxvdi emigraciaSi, rom ar iyo es swore.

(ira, 41 wlis, norvegia)

emigraciidan dabruneba da emigraciis Sedegebi
gamokiTxuli qalebis umravlesobam emigraciidan dabruneba ojaxis da Svilebis monatrebis gamo gadawyvita. rogorc qalebi aRniSnavdnen, maT am gadawyvetilebis miReba ar gasWirvebiaT. piriqiT, Zalian uxarodaT ojaxSi dabruneba. qalebis azriT, dabrunebis Semdeg raime mniSvnelovani cvlileba ojaxSi ar daxvdaT. mxolod ramodenime qali saubrobda ojaxis wevrebis urTierTobis cvlilebaze, kerZod, mamebis da Svilebis urTierTobis cvlilebaze.

ra vici exla, albaT raRac periodi davakldi Cems ojaxs sulierad. qals xom iciT, sxvanairi siTbo Seaqvs ojaxSi. aregulirebs urTierTobebs Svilebsa da mamas Soris.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi)
qalebis umravlesobis azriT, maTi dabrunebis Semdeg ojaxSi yvela movaleoba da pasuxismgebloba kvlav maTze gadavida. mxolod erTma qalma aRniSna, rom misma qmarma SeinarCuna misi Camosvlis miuxedavad Svilebis mimarT pasuxismgebloba. aseve erT_erTma qalma, romlis wasvlis mizezi meuRlesTan daZabuli urTierToba iyo, gansxvavebuli azri daafiqsira. man dabrunebis Semdeg SeZlo uasamarTlod ganawilebili rolebis nawilobriv mainc Secvala.

xo ai exla rogor aris iciT? me vfiqrob, rom Zveleburad. SeiZleba raRac doziT SeeCvia aRebul pasuxismgebloba, magram saojaxo saqme sme vasruleb ZiriTadad. weRanac giTxariT, rom adre Zalian daZabuli urTierToba gvqonda, Camosvlis Semdeg yvelanairad vecade, rom Cemi Tavi damecva da mona aRar vyofiliyavi. es albaT saojaxo saqmis Sesrulebazec aisaxa. ufro metad zrunavs Svilebze, adre saerTod ar ainteresebda saxlSi ra iyo saWiro, ra iyo gasakeTebeli. exla rom giTxraT, rom asi procentiT gamosworde mase ar aris magram, ra Sedarebaa, raRaceebSi mexmareba.

(ira, 41 wlis, norvegia)

me vfiqrob, rom Cemi dabrunebis Semdeg Cemi qmari isev iseTi yuradRebiania, rogorc Cemi aryofnis periodSi iyo. vfiqrob, rom mieCvia. Cems mimarTac da bavSvebis mimarTac metad yuradRebiania da metad zrunavs Cvenze. rac Seexeba saojaxo saqmes, isev me gadavibare.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi)

sainteresoa qalebis dabrunebis Semdeg, ramdenad aisaxeba emigraciaSi SeZenili gamocdileba, damoukidebloba da TviTdajerebuloba maT qcevebSi da rolebSi. rogorc qalebi aRniSnavdnen, mdgomareoba sagrZnoblad Seicvala. rogorc erT-erTma qalma aRniSna, axla ufro metad sjera da swams sakuTari Tavis. isini metad damoukideblebi arian gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, finansuri gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas, sadme wasvlis dros da a. S. Tumca, aqve aRniSnaven, rom maT uwevT mamakacis azris gaTvaliswinebac.

Cemi Tavdajerebuloba is aris, rom rasac vakeTeb me imis mwams, rasac movkideb xels patiosnad vakeTeb. Cemi damoukidebloba is aris, rom vgrZnob, Camosvlis Semdeg ojaxSi Cemi mniSvneloba gaizarda. ar vici es Cemi ekonomiuri mdgomareobiT aris gamowveuli Tu ara, magram masea ra. ai konkretulad ver getyviT rogor... dauSvaT sadme wasvlisas, ai ubralod raRac minda da vakeTeb yvelas ukiTxavad. Cems mimarT ndobac gaizarda, Cemi saqmis sjera da pativs scems..

(lia, 30 wlis, TurqeTi)

exla iq ki gavxdi metad damoukidebeli da metad damoukideblad viqceodi, gaizarda Cemi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis SesaZlebloba, magram dabrunebis Semdeg xo gasaTvaliswinebelia Seni qmris azri. aq ase veRar moviqcevi. roca ojaxi maqvs, albaT Zalian cota gadawyvetilebis miReba SemiZlia damoukideblad. Svilebic da Cemi Tavic Cems qmars unda vakiTxo. imitom rom misi meuRle var.

(irina 34 wlis, moskovi)

rogorc giTxariT, ar minda Cemi gazrdili damoukidebloba da meti Tavdajerebuloba iyos gamaRizianebeli Cemi qmrisaTvis da vcdilob es qcevebSic gavakontrolo. ai vcdilob Sevuwyo ra... magram Sendauneburad es damoukidebloba mainc mJRavndeba ra qcevebSi. magaliTad, metad damoukidebeli var, roca sadme unda wavide da amis gadawyvetilebas viReb. an roca raimis yidvas vapireb. vgrZnob, rom ufro stabiluri var.

(maka, 34 wlis, italia)

emigraciidan dabrunebis Semdeg gamokiTxuli qalebidan mxolod samma maTganma SeZlo samsaxuris Sovna da dasaqmeba. danarCeni qalebi, rogorc rogorc gamgzavrebamde iyvnen saojaxo saqmis SesrulebiT arian dakavebulni. Tumca, rogorc am qalebma aRniSnes emigraciidan Camotanili fuliT “karga xans gahqondaT Tavi” da Sesabamisad am periodis ganmavlobaSi muSaobis survili ar hqondaT.

da bolos, qalebis umravlesoba emigraciaSi wasvlas dadebiTad afasebs. pirvel rigSi materialuri mdgomareobis gamosworebis gamo. aseve gaZlierebis gamo, maTi azriT iq SeZles didi gamocdilebis SeZena da sakuTari Tavis gamocda.

ufro dadebiTad vafaseb, rogorc finansurad, ise Cemi gaZlierebis mxriv. namdvilad geubnebiT, aseTi ar viyavi, sanam iq wavidodi. iq bevri ram SeviTvise da bevric gavaanalize. rogorc ki movaxerxeb, minda isev wavide.

(manana, 45, wlis, saberZneTi)

norvegiaSi wasvlas ufro metad dadebiTad vafaseb. momitana damoukidebloba, SevZeli, rom sakuTari TavisaTvis mejobna da gadamedga iseTi nabijebi, rom Cems meuRlesTan monuri cxovrebiT aRar mecxovra. iqidan Camosulma erTxel da samudamod davanaxe Cems qmars, rom mec CemiZlia damoukideblad cxovreba, Svilebis rCena da isic davanaxe, rom mis gareSe ar gamiWirdeboda cxovreba. iq wasvlam sxvanairi TvaliT damanaxa cxovreba. Cems ZalebSi rwmena Semmata.

(ira, 41 wlis, norvegia)


teqstis analizi

imisaTvis, rom Cems mier dasmuli kiTxvebisaTvis gameca pasuxi, saWiro iyo interviuebis gaSifris Semdeg miRebuli teqstis analizi. kvlevis SedegebSi warmodgenili informacia mxolod faqtologiur informacias warmoadgens da saWiroa TeoriebTan da sxva kvlevebis SedegbTan kavSirSi misi ufro Rrma analizi.

rogorc kvlevis Sedegebidan Cans umravles SemTxvevaSi emigraciaSi qalis gamgzavreba ojaxis gadawyvetilebiT moxda, miuxedavad imisa, rom qalebi Tavdapirvelad mxolod sakuTar survils asaxelebdnen. is faqti, rom ojaxis “gadamrCenebad” qalebs miiCnevdnen Zalian mniSvnelovania. wasvlis win yvela qals gacnobirebuli hqonda, rom mxolod mas SeeZlo “im MmomentisaTvis” ojaxis rCena da daxmareba. savaraudod qalebis SesaZleblobebs xedavdnen aseve maTi qmrebi, radgan sjerodaT, rom qalebi SeZlebdnen im materialuri problemebis mogvarebas, rac maT ojaxebSi arsebobda. sxva SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa ar “gaeSvaTa” emigraciaSi. anu qalebic da maTi qmrebic qalebis emigraciaSi gagzavrebamde xedavdnen im SesaZleblobas da im Zalas, rac qalebs gaaCndaT. emigraciaSi myofi qalebi erTgvarad ojaxebis gadamrCenebad ganixilebian, romlebic, rogorc axali ekonomikuri Teoriebi amtkicebs ojaxis gadawyvetilebiT da ara maTi gadawyvetilebiT arian sazRvargareT wasulebi.

me da Cemma meuRlem gadavwyviteT, rom moskovSi wavsuliyavi samuSaod. xo xedavda, rom marto magis (qmris) xelfasi ar iyo sakmarisi. miuxedavad imisa, rom policielebs mainc yvelaze maRali xelfasi aqvT, mainc ar gvyofnida Cemi qmris xelfasi. im dros bevri problemebi gvqonda da.

(irina, 34 wlis, moskovi Tumca qalebis umravlesoba aRniSnavda, rom gamgzavrebamde yovelTvis sxvaze (qmarze) damokidebulebi iyvnen da xSirad uWirdaT damoukideblad raimes gadwyveta Tu gakeTeba. rogorc erT-erTi qali aRniSnavda, miuxedavad imisa, rom sxvaze kargad SeeZlo “raRaceebis keTeba yovelTvis ramodenime nabijiT ukan ixevda,” radgan sakuTar SesaZleblobebSi ar iyo darwmunebuli. ai Sinaganad var mSiSara adamiani. yvelafris meSinoda. SeiZleba 10jer ukeTesad SemiZlia im raRacis gakeTeba, magram erTi nabijiT yovelTvis ukan vdgebodi.

adre Tu dedis gayola mCirdeboda xolme, axla ase aRar aris. miTumetes, rodesac qals Tavis Semosavali aqvs da aravize ar aris damokidebuli. mama iqa myavda, magram me mainc CemiT viyavi xoo. martom viswavle damoukideblad nabijebis gadadgma.

rogorc miRebuli Sedegebidan Cans is molodinebi rac emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde hqondaT qalebs da maT ojaxebs mniSvnelovnad gamarTlda. qalebma SeZles ojaxis materialurad rCena da Camosvlisas mcire danazogebic Camoitanes. aman ra Tqma unda gavlena iqonia qalis mniSvnelobis gazrdaze. qalis mniSvneloba gaizarda ara mato maTi qmrebis TvalSi, aramed Tavad qalebis TvalSic. anu qalebi metad Tavdajeerbulebi gaxdnen, gaezardaT rwmena “sakuTar ZalebSi” da SesaZleblobebSi. Tumca isic unda aRiniSnos, marTalia qalebi emigraciaSi ekonomikurad gaZlirednen da moaxrexes ojaxSi arsebuli genderuli struqturis cvlileba, mainc ver daikaves dabrunebis Semdeg mamakacebTan Tanabari pozicia ojaxSi gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas.

Cems mier dasmuli pirveli kvleviTi SekiTxviT emigraciaSi ekonomikuri gaZliereba aZlevs Tu ara qals SesaZleblobas Secvalos ojaxSi arsebuli genderuli rolebi? Ggamgzavrebamde rogor iyo? Qqalis aryofnis dros rogor iyo?Aaxla rogor aris? vgebulobT, rom emigraciaSi qalis ekonomikuri gaZliereba kavSirSia ojaxSi qalis rolis, statusis da misi mniSvnelobis cvlilebasTan. Tumca erTmniSvnelovnad mainc ar icvleba mdgomareoba da emigraciaSi qalis ekonomiuri gaZlireba gadamwyveti ar aris. amis mizezi ki, mTeli rigi xelisSemSleli faqtorebia. Tumca isic unda aRiniSnos, rom emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde umuSavari qalebis msgavsad mniSvnelovnad Seicvala im qalebis statusi, mniSvneloba da rolebi ojaxSi, romlebsac emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamdec hqondaT sakuTari Semosavali. anu mxolod muSaoba da Semosavali ar aris gadamwyveti qalTa gaZlirebisaTvis da ojaxSi genderuli struqturis cvlilebisaTvis. rogorc neoklasikuri Teoria amtkicebs, kvlevis Sedegebidanac Cans, rom emigraciaSi qalebi ZiriTadad ekonomikuri mizezebis gamo midian da yvela molodini masTan aris dakavSirebuli. Tumca aucilebelia yuradRebis gamaxvileba im cvlilebebze, romlebic emigraciaSi qalTa materialuri gaZlirebiT aris gamowveuli. rogorc masalis analizidan Cans, wasvlis win qalebs ar hqondaT imis molodini, rom ekonomikuri gaZlirebiT SeZleben ojaxSi arsebuli mdgomareobis cvlilebas, (genderuli rolebi, qalebis mniSvneloba ojaxSi, maTi statusi). erTaderTi survili da mizani, rac qalebis umravlesobas gamgzavrebis win hqondaT, aris maT ojaxebSi ekonomikuri krizisis daZleva da swored am mizniT iyvnen motivirebulni gamgzavrebis wina da emigraciaSi yofnis pirvel periodSi.

wasvlis win vicodi, rom advili ar iqneboda ucxo qveyanaSi cxovreba, ojaxisagan daSoreba. magram molodini mqonda, rom es yvelaferi Sedegs gamoiRebda da ekonomikuri mdgomareoba gamiumjobesdeboda.

(maka 34 wlis, italiaa)

emigraciaSi gamgzavrebis wina da emigraciaSi yofnis pirveli periodi imitom vaxsene, rom qalebi emigraciaSi yofnis Semdeg periodSi da Camosvlis Semdeg gaacnobires, rom ekonomikuri gaZlirebiT maT nawilobriv mainc SeZles ojaxSi genderuli rolebis, maTi mniSvnelobis cvlileba. es cvilebebi ZiriTadad dakavSirebulia ojaxSi finansuri gadawyvetilebebis miRebasTan da qalis damoukideblad moqmedebasTan. Tumca garda ekonomikuri gaZlirebisa, qalebi am cvlilebas sxva mizezebiTac xsnian, razec qvemoT visaubreb. qalis gaZlirebasTan da misi rolebis cvlilebasTan dakavSirebiT ekonomikur faqtorebze saubrisas, sainteresoa aseve imis garkveva, Tu ratom ver SeZles emigraciaSi gamgzvrebamde ojaxSi genderuli rolebis da genderuli urTierTobebis cvlileba im qalebma, romlebic sazRvargareT wasvlamdec muSaobdnen da sakuTari Semosavalic gaaCndaT. mTavari mizezi, rac qalis rolebis da misi mniSvnelobis cvlilebas iwvevs, rogorc kvlevis Sedegebidan Cans aris is, rom saqarTveloSi darCenili ojaxi ufro metad afasebs qalis muSaobas da mis fulad gzavnilebs. ojaxis sxva wevrebi, gansakuTrebiT es exeba qmrebs, qalebze damokidebulebi arian da igive mdgomareobaSi xvdebian, rogorSic qalebi iyvnen emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde. qmrebs uwevT jer kidev qalebis emigraciaSi yofnis periodSi garkveul “daTmobebze” wasvla. Tu ki qalebis emigraciaSi gamgzarebamde maTi qmrebi erTpirovnulad iRebdnen finansur da ara marto finansur gadawyvetilebebs, qalebis emigraciaSi yofnis da Semdgom periodSi am gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas qalis roli nawilobriv gaizarda. is qalebi, romlebic saqrTveloSi yofnis periodSi ver axerxebdnen sakuTari Semosavlis erTpirovnulad ganawilebas, emigraciaSi yofnis dros, ojaxSi dauswreblad axerxebdnen Tu rogor unda ganawilebuliyo da rogor unda daxarjuliyo maT mier gamogzavnili fuli. qalebis mier sakuTari Sromis da Semosavlis mniSvnelobis Sefaseba mniSvnelovnad izrdeba emigraciaSi yofnis periodSi. emigraciaSi myofi qalebi xedavdnen, rom maTi gzavnilebi gadamwyveti iyo ojaxis arsebobisaTvis da Sesabamisad gaizarda maTi Tavdajerebuloba, maTi TviT-Sefaseba, es ki mniSvnelovnad aisaxa dabrunebis Semdeg maT rolebze da qcevebze. rogorc ukve aRvniSne, gansakuTrebiT gaizarda maTi roli finansuri gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas. emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde ki qalebi Zalian mcire mniSvnelobas Tu aniWebdnen sakuTar muSaobas da im Semosavals, rac ojaxis biujetSi SehqondaT.

eg TavisTavad ukve modis. rom grZnob, rom ojaxSi mTavari Semomtani Sen xar, ai Sen aRebul fuls saiTac ginda iqiT uqnav gezs, sxvaze ar xar damokidebuli izrdeba Seni Zalaufleba da gadawyvetilebis miRebis SesaZlebloba.

(maia, 50 wlis, TurqeTi)
sxva qveynebSi (aziis qveynebSi) Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis msgavsad, Cemi kvlevis SedegebSic kargad Cans, rom emigraciaSi qalis gamgzavrebas da mis Semosavlis gaZlirebas Tan sdevs kidev erTi cvlileba. kerZod icvleba ojaxSi darCenili qmrebis movaleobebi, rolebi da pasuxismgeblobebi. mamakacebi qalebis mier gamogzavnili fulis kompensirebas axdenen im saojaxo rolebis da im movaleobebis SesrulebiT, romlebsac qalebi asrulebdnen emigraciaSi gamgzavrebamde da romelTa Sesrulebac mamkacebis mier warmoudgeneli iyo qalebis gamgzavrebamde. rogorc teqstis analizidan Cans mamakacebi amgvar “daTmobaze” wavidnen ara sakuTari survilis gamo, aramed surdaT emigraciaSi myofi colebis gulis mogeba Tumca isic unda aRiniSnos, rom amgvar cvlilebas ar vxvdebiT yvela qalis SemTxvevaSi. ojaxSi martod darCenili qmrebis umravlesobam ojaxis saqme da movaelobebi axlobel qalebs da Svilebs gadaabara. Tumca gamonaklisi SemTxvevbic iyo, rodesac mamakacebma sakuTar Tavze aiRes ojaxSi yvela saqme. maT uwevdaT ojaxis sursaTiT momarageba, saojaxo saqmis Sesruleba da bavSvebze zrunva. unda aRiniSnos, rom qalebis ar yofnis periodSi gansakuTrebiT gaizarda mamakacebis pasuxismgebloba da movaleobebi Svilebis mimarT. rogorc kvlevis Sedegebidan Cans qalebis umravlesobam dabrunebis Semdeg kvlav sakuTar Tavze aiRo yvela saojaxo saqme. Tumca ramodenime qalma aRniSna, rom im rolebs da movaleobebs, rasac misi ar yofnis dros mamakaci asrulebda nawilobriv kvlav mamakaci asrulebs da samarTlianad aris ganawilebuli maT Soris rolebi. sainteresoa aseve is faqtic, rom is qalebic ki samarTlianad sTvlian ojaxSi rolebis ganawilebas, romlebic martod asruleben ojaxSi saojaxo saqmes. amas ki “qarTuli tradiciebiT” xsnian, romlis mixedviTac saxlis saqmis Sesruleba swored qalis saqmea.