Ermetova jamila ismailovna ermetov amirbek ismailovich karimova munisa maxsud qizi

INGLIZ UNLILARINING O‘QILISH QOIDALARI

Reading Rules of English Vowels

A a	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘in
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ei]		take, place, name, cake, state
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[æ]		map, sat, stand, happy, apple
	“r” harfidan oldin	[ɑ:]		car, art, dark, farm, party
	“re” birikmasidan oldin	[ɛə]		care, bare, share, prepare
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[e]		ago, about, legal, formal
	Harf birikmalari
	ai, ay	[ei]		main, chain, day, wave, play
	aw, au	[ɔ:]		saw, law, autumn, cause
	wdan keyin “ar” kelishi	[ɔ:]		war, warm, warn
	qu dan keyin“ar” kelishi	[ɔ:]		quarter, quarrel
	an + undosh	[ɑ:]		answer, dance, chance
	a + ss, st, sk	[ɑ:]		class, last, ask, task
	a+ft, a+th	[ɑ:]		after, craft, bath, rather
	w(h)+a	[ɔ]		watch, wash, was, what, want
E e	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘in
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i:]		be, he, me, see, meter, Peter
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[e]		best, next, left, smell
	“r” harfidan oldin	[ɜ:]		her, term, verse
	“re” birikmasidan oldin	[iə]		here, more, severe
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i]		begin, return, because, between
		[ə]		mother, father, corner, over
	Harf birikmalari
	ее. Ea	[i:]		green, seem, sea, clean
	ea + d	[e]		bread, head, already
	ei + gh qoidadan mustasno	[ei]		eight, weight
	Ew	[ju:] [u:]		few, new, grew, blew
	Eу	[ei]		grey, obey
	ее, ea +r	[iə]		deer, dear, hear, appear
	ear + undosh	[ɜ:]		learn, earth, early
I i	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘inda oqilishi
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ai]	life, live, fine, tie, time
	qoidadan mustasno	[i]	live, give
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i]	sit, lift, pick, little
	“r” harfidan oldin	[ɜ:]	bird, girl, first, circle
	“re” birikmasidan oldin	[iə]	fire, tired, admire
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i]	origin, engine
	Harflar birikmasida i + ld, nd	[ai]	child, find, kind, mind
	Harflar birikmasida i+gh	[ai]	right, light, night, high
	Qoidadan mustasno	[i]	children
Oo	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘inda oqilishi
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[əu]	close, note, rose, home
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ɔ]	stop, long, song, copper
	“r” harfidan oldin	[ɔ:]	form, born, fork, border
	“re” birikmasidan oldin	[ɔ:]	store, before, restore
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[əu]	photo, motto, Negro
	-ous suffiksi bilan	[ei]	famous, various, numerous
	-or suffiksi bilan	[ə]	doctor, tractor, conductor
	Harflar birikmasida
	o a	[əu]	coat, boat, road, roast
	oi, oy	[ɔi]	oil, noise, boy, enjoy
	oo + k	[u]	look, book, took
	oo+l, m, n, d, t	[u:]	cool, room, soon, food, root,
	oo+r	[ɔ:]	door, floor
	ou+gh	[ɔ:]	bought, thought, brought
	о +1 + undosh	[əu]	old, cold, told, hold
	ow+undosh	[au]	town, brown, crowd, down
	ow(so‘z oxirida)	[əu]	know, grow, low, slow, show
		[au]	but: now
	w dan keyin –or	[ɜ:]	work, word, world, worse
U u	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘inda oqilishi
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ju:]	tube, tune, useful
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[u:]	blue, true, June
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ᴧ]	cut, but. hurry, hunter
	r+undoshdan oldin	[ɜ:]	turn, burn, curly, hurt
	unlidan oldin	[juə]	pure, during, sure
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ə]	upon, success, difficult
Y y	Urg‘uli bo‘g‘inda oqilishi
	ochiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[ai]	my, try, type, cycle
	yopiq bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i]	symbol, system
	r+ unlidan oldin	[aiə]	Tyre
	unlidan oldin	[j]	year, you, young, yet
	urg‘usiz bo‘g‘inda o‘qilishi	[i]	any, many, very, only

O‘ZBEKCHA-INGLIZCHA

O’zbek		English
A
absolyutnolnuqtasi – kelvin shkalasi bo'yicha eng sovuq bo'lgan harorat, taxminan -273,15 ° c, -459,67 ° f	absolute zero – the coldest possible temperature, zero on the kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °c, −459.67 °f
adiabat kalorimetr – kimyoviy reaksiya, o‘zgarishlar yoki boshqa jismoniy o'zgarish bilan hosil bo'ladigan yoki so'rilgan issiqlikni o'lchash apparati issiqlikning yo'qolishi yoki yo'qolishi bilan yuzaga keladi.	adiabatic calorimeter – an apparatus for measuring the heat generated or absorbed by either a chemical reaction, change of phase or some other physical change that occurs without gain or loss of heat.
agent – kimyoviy yoki jismoniy ta'sir ko'rsatadigan yoki kimyoviy reaksiyaga olib keladigan modda	agent – a substance that brings about a chemical or physical effect or causes a chemical reaction
aglomerat, qizdirilganda birikkan material – silisli yoki kalkerli moddalar, bu geyser havosining atrofida shakllangan buloqlardan iborat.	sinter – siliceous or calcareous matter deposited by springs, as that formed around the vent of a geyser.
akseptor – loyiha yoki valyutani qabul qilgan kishi, qabul qilganidan keyin jalb qilingan shaxs	acceptor –one who accepts a draft or a bill of exchange; a drawee after he has accepted
aksilmodda – oddiy moddalarni tashkil etuvchi elementlarning antipartikullari bo'lgan elementar zarralardan iborat modda.	antimatter – matter consisting of elementary particles which are the antiparticles of those making up normal matter.
aktinoidlar qatori – akmiyumdan tortib to huquqshunosgacha atom raqamlarini ko'paytiradigan 15 ta radioaktiv elementlardan iborat	actinide series – a series of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers from actinium to lawrencium
aktivator – transkripsiyani oshirish orqali bir yoki bir necha genlarni tartibga soluvchi har qanday kimyoviy yoki agent	activator – any chemical or agent which regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription
aldegid – spirtli ichimliklarning oksidlanishi natijasida hosil bo'lgan -cho guruhini o'z ichiga olgan organik birikma. Odatda aldegidlar metanal (formaldegid) va etanal (asetaldehid)	aldehyde –an organic compound containing the group —cho, formed by the oxidation of alcohols. typical aldehydes include methanal (formaldehyde) and ethanal (acetaldehyde)
alfa-nurlanish – alfa nurlarini ishlab chiqarishva tushirish	alpha emission – the production and discharge of alpha rays
alfa-zarra – ba'zi radioaktiv moddalar chiqaradigan geliy yadrosi, dastlab nur sifatida qabul qilingan.	alpha particle – a helium nucleus emitted by some radioactive substances, originally regarded as a ray.