[Environment] Chief Editor Iftikhar A. Raja comsats institute of Information Technology Abbottabad (Pakistan)

ABSTRACT

Concrete is the most commonly used material in the world, which is a mixture of Portland cement, aggregates (including fine and coarse aggregate), water and with or without admixtures. Many researches are carried out these days on the replacement of Portland cement with waste materials having pozzolanic effect like Fly ash, Bagasse ash, Silica fume and marble powder etc. Waste Glass Powder can also be used as a binder with the partial replacement of cement, it also acts as a filler material. Waste glass when ground to a very fine powder shows pozzolanic properties as it contains high SiO₂ and therefore to some extent can replace cement in concrete and contribute strength development. In this study Glass Powder partially replaced at varying percentage 0 to 40 percent by weight of cement, and tested for its workability and Compressive strength up to 84 days of age and were compared with those of conventional concrete. The overall test results shows that Waste Glass Powder could be utilized in concrete as a good substitute of cement. The research concluded that with the age of testing affects the compressive strength. The reduction of workability was observed with the increase of glass powder content, as the slump value decreased with a constant amount. The initial Strength was less as compared to the conventional concrete, but after 28 days the pozzolonic activity started and the difference of strength between conventional concrete and glass powder concrete reduced to 12 percent. At 15 percent replacement of cement by Glass powder, the concrete gives maximum strength which is about 88.22 percent of the control mix. Thus 15 percent GP content is recommended as optimum replacement content for strength.
EBE-18

APPLICATION OF GREEN ROOF AS A PASSIVE DESIGN MEASURE TO REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BUILDINGS
Muhammad Asif¹ & Abu Bakar Sadiq<sup>2

1</sup>School of Engineering & Built Environment,

Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, G4 0BA, Glasgow, UK

²Architectural Engineering Department,

King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

[e-mail]
ABSTRACT

The world faces a string of serious energy and environmental challenges. The building sector has a major role to play in tackling these issues, as it is responsible for over 40% of the world’s total primary energy consumption and over 30% of the total Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) emissions. The situation requires improvement in the energy consumption trends in the building sector. Green roof is a passive design strategy, which can offer a wide range of sustainability and ecological benefits while often enhancing the aesthetic qualities and architectural creativity of buildings. The presented work examines the effectiveness of green roofs in hot climates in terms of energy and environmental benefits. Modeling of a typical residential building has been carried out with the help of a software tool, DesignBuilder. Results indicate that green roof can save over 25% of the energy load of buildings in climatic conditions like Pakistan.

EBE-19

MEASUREMENT OF SOIL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS USING HPGE DETECTOR AND ITS RADIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
S. A. Mehdi¹, S. U. Rahman², K. Khan³, A. Jabbar³

M. Rafique⁴, F Khan⁵ and Iftikhar A Raja<sup>6

1</sup>Federal Urdu University of Science, Arts & Technology (FUUSAT), Islamabad

²Dept of Medical Physics, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute (NORI), Islamabad

³Health Physics division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad

⁴Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad

⁵Department of Geology, University of Haripur, KPK-Pakistan

⁶Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Abbottabad, Pakistan

[e-mail], [e-mail], [e-mail]’ [e-mail]

ABSTRACT

Human beings are persistently exposed to ionizing radiation caused by terrestrial, extra-terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides. In order to assess the risks associated with exposure due to the natural radioactivity in soil, a radiological environmental monitoring survey was carried out in district Chakwal. In the present study, activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K are measured in soil samples using an HPGe based gamma spectrometry system. The measured mean specific radioactivity concentration of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in the studied samples was 31.08 ± 1.2 Bqkg^-1, 47.67 ± 2.30 Bqkg^-1 and 558.23 ± 17.52 Bqkg^-1, respectively. From the measured activity concentration, radium equivalent activity, external and internal hazard indices, terrestrial absorbed dose and annual effective dose were calculated. Mean radium equivalent activity (Ra_eq), outdoor radiation hazard index (H_ex), indoor radiation hazard index (H_in) and absorbed dose rate (D) for the area under study were determined as 142.18 Bqkg^-1, 0.38, 0.47 and 66.13 nGyh^-1 respectively. The annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) varied in the range from 0.10 mSv y^-1 to 0.16 mSv y^-1. On the basis of measured activity and calculated values of hazards indices, it is concluded that the surveyed area does not pose any significant radiological risk to the population and environment.

EUE-01

MANAGING URBAN GROWTH: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CASE OF CITY LAHORE
Ahmad Riaz, Farhan Ali*

University of Engineering & Technology Lahore

* Pakistan Public Works Department, Assistant Executive Engineer Division I Lahore

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