English Vocabulary in Use: Advanced Book with Answers and Enhanced eBook Vocabulary Reference and Practice 3rd Edition

word stock
4
. Viking
5
and 
Norman
6
invaders from the 9th century onwards enriched
7
the language enormously with 
large numbers of words brought from their own languages. The Vikings brought new words 
of Germanic origin while the Normans spoke a form of French. Both sets of invaders had an 
enormous impact on
8
English vocabulary, explaining why English may sometimes seem 
to have several words for the same basic concept
9
. During the Renaissance of the 15th to 
the 17th centuries, scholars introduced many words of classical origin
10
. And throughout 
history, English speakers’ contact with the world as explorers, scientists, traders, pirates 
and holiday-makers has had linguistic consequences
11
in a wealth of new words from 
every part of the world that they reached. These words taken from other languages are 
sometimes referred to as loanwords or borrowings.
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Exercises
185
English Vocabulary in Use Advanced
Complete the sentences with a word from A opposite.
1 A linguist may talk about a language’s vocabulary as its 
.
2 Old English is also known as 
.
3 Ancient Greek and Latin are referred to as 
languages.
4 A loanword can also be termed a 
.
5 Where something originates from can be called its 
.
6 A word for something that happens as a result of something else is 
.
7 A synonym for eff ect or influence is 
.
8 The opposite of impoverish or make poorer is 
.
Which of the words in B opposite do these pictures illustrate?
1 
2 
3 
4 
Fill the gaps with one of the words from B.
1 We’re having a 
evening at school tonight – it should be great fun.
2 Most babies these days have an injection to protect them from getting 
.
3 I have some lovely
earrings. They match my orange scarf perfectly.
4 Have a refreshing drink of lemon and honey every morning – it’ll be just the 
you 
need to make you feel better again.
5 Who’s on the 
for the cleaning this week?
6 The clowns went out into the street as a 
to advertise their circus.