English book I 1-dars. Ingliz alifbosi

To be ning qisqartma shakli.

Ingliz tilida to be ni qisqartma shakli ko’p uchraydi. Bular:

I am – I’m

You are – You’re

He is – He’s

She is – She’s

It is – It’s

We are – We’re

They are – They’re

To be ning inkor shakli.

To be ni inkor shaklini yasash uchun to be dan keyin not yuklamasi qo’yiladi.

I am not a pupil.  Men o’quvchi emasman.

He is not 18 years old. U 18 yoshda emas.

They are not beautiful. Ular chiroyli emas.

To be ning savol shakli.

To be ning savol shakli yasash uchun To be fe’lini egadan oldinga qo’yiladi.

Masalan:

You are a pupil.

Sen o’quvchisan

Are you a pupil?

Sen o’quvchimisan?

Javob berish: Yes, I am/No, I am no not.

7-dars.Demonstrative pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns ko’rsatish olmoshlari bo’lib, biror shaxs, narsa yoki predmet ko’rsatilganda ishlatiladi.

Ko’rsatish olmoshlari 4ta bo’lib, ular: this, that, these va those.

This – bu (yaqindagi 1ta narsa uchun) This is a pen.

These – bular (yaqindagi 1dan ortiq narsalar uchun) Those are pens.

That – u, anavi (uzoqdagi 1ta narsa uchun)   That is a kite.

Those – anavilar, ular (uzoqdagi 1dan ortiq narsalar uchun) Those are kites

Ko’rsatish olmoshlaridan inkor yasalganda to be fe’lidan so’ng not yuklamasi qo’yiladi.

Masalan: This is a flower.

This is not a flower.

Those are elephants.

Those are not elephants.

Ko’rsatish olmoshlari bilan savol tuzish to be fe’li egadan oldinga qo’yish orqali yasaladi.

Masalan:

This is a flower.

Is this a flower?

Those are children.

Are those children?