Encyclopedia of Islam

Further reading: Michael Cook, “On the Origins of 

Wahhabism.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 3, no. 

2 (1992): 191–202; Natana J. DeLong-Bas, Wahhabi 

Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad (Oxford: 

Oxford University Press, 2004); Joseph A. Kechechian, 

“The Role of the Ulama in the Politics of an Islamic 

State: The Case of Saudi Arabia.” International Journal 

of Middle East Studies 18 (1986): 53–71; Madawi al-

Rasheed, Contesting the Saudi State: Islamic Voices from 

a New Generation (Cambridge: Cambridge University 

Press, 2007); ———, A History of Saudi Arabia (Cam-

bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002); Ayman al-

Yassini, Religion and State in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

(Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985).