Electricity production in the country of Uzbekistan on the basis of renewable energy sources of small rivers using micro-hydroelectric power plants

Electricity production in the country of Uzbekistan

on the basis of renewable energy sources of small rivers using micro-hydroelectric power plants.

Bakhramov Shokhrukhbek Kozimjon ogli,

Student of Master degree in the Andijan Machine Building Institute,

Assistant of the Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnology.

Key words: micro hydroelectric power station, electricity.

Uzbekistan is a country with great opportunities for the use of small and micro hydropower plants. In this regard, for societies (especially agricultural) located in mountainous and foothill areas, the use and justification of such renewable energy sources is especially relevant. Micro hydroelectric power plant (micro HPP) is a renewable source of practically free energy. The principle of operation is as follows: water under pressure enters the blades of a hydraulic turbine, which drives a generator that generates electricity. With the direct construction and further operation, absolutely no damage is caused to either the local landscape or the animal world, and the used clean water flows back into the watercourse, in other words, does not harm the environment.

The installation of a micro-hydroelectric power plant is carried out in mountainous or remote regions of Uzbekistan (villages, small farms and industrial enterprises, summer cottages and other objects), where no power lines are installed. The only condition for the installation of such a hydraulic structure is the close location of any watercourse (canal, river, treatment plant, spillway, etc.). The capacity of one micro-station is enough to fully provide a settlement of 100 people with electricity.

Advantages of a micro-hydroelectric power plant in Uzbekistan:

- does not violate the environment;

- simplicity of construction;

- there are practically no cash costs for service;

-the cost of electricity is much lower than similar sources;

- full self-sufficiency within 3-5 years.

Small hydropower can be classified as one of the "cleanest" types of electricity generation. Such hydroelectric power plants do not pollute the atmosphere with harmful emissions, as a rule, they do not create large reservoirs that flood vast territories, most often the migration routes of spawning commercial fish are not blocked. The advantages of small HPPs include low risks of flooding of nearby areas in case of emergency situations at the plant, low cost of electricity and low operating costs in comparison with fossil fuel power plants and large HPPs, as well as relatively short commissioning times [1]. The power of the hydraulic structure is from 3 to 100 kW. The station set includes a generator, an automatic control system (ACS) and a hydraulic turbine. Such small hydroelectric units have been used in Uzbekistan for a long time and have become prototypes of hydro turbines at large hydroelectric power plants. Today, it is one of the best alternative sources of electricity in areas isolated from electrical systems.

The production of electricity in such plants is not highly dependent on weather conditions. If in areas where you want to install micro hydroelectric power plants in summer or winter, for example, the river dries up, then it is more expedient to install it in conjunction with wind generators. Such energy complexes are the most promising and efficient. Among the most effective and promising directions for the development of alternative energy, there is a method of using its own energy of water movement, or rather a watercourse, with the use of small hydroelectric power plants - micro hydroelectric power plants.

Alternative energy is looking for non-traditional (alternative) energy sources. The need for such is due to the growing level of depletion of natural resources and atmospheric pollution on a global scale every year. Alternative energy offers a solution to these problems: finding renewable or inexhaustible sources of energy.

An autonomous hydro-generator is an excellent alternative to central power supply, such as, hard-to-reach and remote areas and facilities, as well as areas with low power transmission lines. The use of small hydroelectric power plants for the extraction of energy resources makes it possible to establish and fix the cost of energy supply at an acceptable level for the consumer, and at the same time solves the problem of poor-quality power supply and frequent interruptions in the supply of electricity [2].

The operation of the mini-station is absolutely independent of weather conditions. Electric current is generated 24 hours a day, 7 days a week:

- the station practically does not produce noise;

- does not pollute the atmospheric air;

- even a small stream or water flow will be sufficient for the operation of the hydroelectric power plant;

- does not affect the quality properties of water. If desired, filters can be installed in the drainage system for water purification, and the water will be potable.

List of literatures:

1) O.E.Konovalova, Ye.A.Ivanova. Malaya gidroenergetika: Problemi, trudnosti i puti ix preodoleniya– 2013. – № 4

2) Strebkov D.S. Problemi razvitiya vozobnovlyaemoy energetiki // Mexanizasiya i elektrofikasiya sel'skogo xozyaystva. 1997, № 6. - S. 4-8.