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Table 1. The value of the exchange capacity of the obtained phosphorus cationic acid



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Table 1.
The value of the exchange capacity of the obtained phosphorus cationic acid 
 
Cationic ion 
group 
Exchange capacity mg-eq/gr 
P
 co
nte
nt,
 weig
ht,
 
%
 
Acc
ording
 to
 
tit
ra
tio
n
 cu
rv

 
Ca
lcula
tio
ns
 on
 t
he
 
ph
os
p
ho
rus
 co
nte
nt
 of
 t
he
 
po
ly
mer
 
0.

N
 Na
O
H
 s
olutio
n,
 H
-f
or
m
 
0.
1N
 Na
Cl
 s
olutio
n.
 
H
-f
orm
 
0,
1N
 Ca
Cl
2
 
Na
-f
orm
 
0.

N
 M
gSO
4,
 
Ca
-f
orm
 
рК

рК
2
 
R
P
O
OH
OH
16 
7.5-8.2 
7.8-8.0 
7.5-7.8 7.8-8.0 
3.2-3.5 
2.8-3.2 
3.5-3.8 
7.5-7.8 
 
where R - is a macromolecule of the cationic polymer framework. 
The data in Table 1 shows that the value of the exchange capacity found on the titration 
curve calculated from the percentage of phosphorus in the polymer structure is almost the same 
as the static exchange capacity for 0.1N NaOH solution. 
The influence of the pH of the medium on the value of the exchange capacity was studied 
by the method of potentiometric titration proposed by Grissbach, which allows a fairly complete 
characterization of the ionite Fig. 1[4]. 
Figure 1. Potentiometric titration curve of phosphorus cationite 
 
The curve obtained allows to characterize the ion-exchanger on the one hand by its 
capacity and on the other hand by its acidity and thus allows to estimate the working interval of 
the ion-exchanger. The curve of potentiometric titration shows that the cation exchange resin is 
polyfunctional, the complete ionic dissociation of active groups occurs at pH=8÷10. 
The curve capacity of the ion-exchange resin was calculated from the intersection point 
of the titration curve and the line parallel to the abscissa line passing through pH=7 or, even 
better, from the inflection point of the curve. For this purpose, a line parallel to the abscissa axis 


Chemistry and chemical technology 

was drawn through the inflection point of the curve, the distance was divided in half. The 
vertical line drawn through this point crosses the pH curve at the point where pH=pK. The 
titration curve of cationic exchange resins has two kinks, indicating the presence of two 
functional groups with different degrees of dissociation in the structure of the ion-exchange 
resin. The value of exchange capacity, according to elemental analysis, calculated from the 
phosphorus content in the polymer and the titration curve is higher than the value of static 
exchange capacity determined by the standard method (Table 1). The increase in the exchange 
capacity during potentiometric titration is caused by the influence of the addition of the neutral 
salt NaCl during titration. From the results of potentiometric study to characterize the cationite 
by its degree of acidity, we calculated the values of pKdis (apparent dissociation constant) of the 
active groups according to the Henderson Hasselbach equation [5]

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