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1.2 The impact of the pandemic on tourism in the country.
Though almost no corner of the globe has been left untouched by this situation, countries that rely heavily on the mentioned service sector have undeniably felt a greater impact. Among them is Spain, which by the end of the 2010s ranked as the second most visited country worldwide. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, international tourism in the Iberian country plummeted by more than 70 percent in 2020, when taking into account overnight and same-day visitors. In addition, despite a steady improvement registered in the first half of 2021, the Spanish international tourism segment still has a long way to go to full recovery. Spain suffered one of the world’s most dramatic crises during the COVID-19 outbreak in the spring months 2020, which pushed the country’s healthcare system to its limits. For this reason, the Spanish government and the autonomous communities imposed strict quarantines on its inhabitants, allowing them only to leave their homes for essential activities in the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, in March and April of that year, Spain recorded monthly drops in the movements of domestic tourists of 63 percent and 88 percent, respectively. However, as restrictions were lifted for the summer season, domestic tourism volume picked up sharply, reaching a year-over-year difference of only 7.6 percent in August 2020. In the face of the new COVID-19 wave in the fourth quarter of that year, the strong declines in domestic tourism volume were observed again in the Iberian country. However, these were not as striking as the one experienced at the onset of the pandemic
With the disease caused by the novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) still present and spreading as of mid-2021, the full impact of the pandemic on the country’s economy is yet to be fully measured. Nonetheless, the first year of the health crisis left clear hints of what the situation means for the ravel and tourism industries in Spain. Between April 2020 and March 2021, the Spanish gross domestic product (GDP) lost more than 110 billion euros in inflows from this sector. Meanwhile, over 840 thousand tourism jobs were suspended or canceled, a figure that represented around 30 percent of the country's total tourism employment in 2019.
The corona virus pandemic has had the most significant impact on the tourism industry like no other previous event in history. The restrictions imposed have brought international travel to a standstill, showing the vulnerability of the industry to crises. Many airlines are already in bankruptcy due to the restrictions in domestic and inter-national travel decreasing by more than 90% during April and May 2020, compared to same period in 2019. Europe has been the most affected region, as the number of international fights dropped by 95%, from 576,572 in
535,867). Followed by Asia (207,556) and North Africa (96,065). This has had a decisive impact on the accessibility of tourist destinations. June brought a slight recovery due to the lifting of strict border closures, but the difference with the same perilast year was still exceptionally large. The pandemic outbreak has caused the international tourism economy to contract 70% in the first eight months of the year, according to the last UNWTO Tourism published in October This translates into 700 million fewer international tourist arrivals in comparison to 2019 and a loss of US$ 730 billion from international tourism, more than 8 times the figures after the global economic crisis in 2009. International arrivals decreased 81% in July and 79% in August, traditionally the two busiest months of the year and the peak of the summer season. As Figure shows, the UNWTO estimates the drop international arrivals in 2020 at a global level at 74%. The areas with the greatest reduction in international tourist arrivals were would remain the global average loss of international arrivals. Tourism is firmly positioned in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, it has been identified by the and the promotion of local economic development is reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals 8, 12, and 14, which include tourism-specific United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), as one of the sectors that can lead the transition to the green economy [44]. It is importance as a driver for job creation targets. Governments and destinations have been providing stimulus packages and interventions to ensure the continuity of tourism firms and jobs. The European Commission has provided an unprecedented degree of economic support for the tourism sector. However, this situation does not seem too likely to recover any time soon, with some regions of the world remaining closed and the pandemic continuing to spread. Tourism in the COVID-19.
The corona virus pandemic has had the most significant impact on the tourism industry like no other previous event in history. The restrictions imposed have brought international travel to a standstill, showing the vulnerability of the industry to crises Many airlines are already in bankruptcy due to the restrictions in domestic and international travel, decreasing by more than 90% during April and
Pared to same period in 2019 [59]. Europe has been the most affected region, as the number of international flights dropped by 95%, from 576,572 in May 2019, to only 26,796 flights in May 2020 (−535,867). Followed by Asia (−207,556) and North Africa (−96,065). This has had a decisive impact on the accessibility of tourist destinations. June brought a slight recovery due to the lifting of strict border closures, but the difference with the same period last year was still exceptionally large. The pandemic outbreak has caused the international tourism economy to contract 70% in the first eight months of the year, according to the last UNWTO Tourism Barometer published in October [57]. This translates into 700 million fewer international tourist arrivals in comparison to 2019 and a loss of US$ 730 billion from international tourism, more than 8 times the figures after the global economic crisis in 2009. International arrivals decreased 81% in July and 79% in August, traditionally the two busiest months of the year and the peak of the summer season. As Figure 1 shows, the UNWTO [24]estimates the drop in international arrivals in 2020 at a global level at 74%. The areas with the greatest reduction in international tourist arrivals were Asia-Pacific (−84%) followed by Africa and the Middle East (−75%), while Europe (−70%) and the Americas (−69%) would remain the global average loss of international arrivals. Tourists’ arrivals decrease in 2020 by world regions. Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) January 2021.The major tourist destinations worldwide have experienced a strong impact due to the intense decline in international tourist arrivals. Spain was the second destination international tourist arrivals in 2019, and this year has shown one of the largest decreases with a 98% drop in international tourist arrivals. Other European destinations, such as Great Britain, would have experienced smaller decreases, with a 54% less in June 2020. As for what was the third leading country in tourist arrivals in 2019, the United States has also experienced an intense decrease of 95% in June 2020.
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