48. Explain the terms real power, apparent power and
reactive power for ac circuits and also the units used.
• Real Power: It is the product of voltage,
current and power factor i.e. P = V I cos j
and basic unit of real power is watt. i.e.
Expressed as W or kW.
• Apparent power: It is the product of
voltage and current. Apparent power = V
I and basic unit of apparent power is volt-
ampere. Expressed as VA or KVA.
• Reactive Power: It is the product of
voltage, current and sine of angle between
the voltage and current i.e. Reactive
power = voltage X current X sinj or
Reactive power = V I sin j and has no
other unit but expressed in VAR or
KVAR.
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