Dental Caries definition and theories 215-b-group Ismatov Abdumalik

Dental Caries definition and theories 215-B-group Ismatov Abdumalik

• Dental caries: remains the most prevalent chronic childhood disease and is five times more prevalent than asthma

Definition

• Dental caries is a progressive irreversible microbial disease affecting the hard parts of tooth exposed to the oral environment, resulting in demineralization of the inorganic constituents and dissolution of the organic constituent, thereby leading to a cavity formation.

• ORAL HEALTH
• GENERAL WELL-BEING

• SOCIETY

• INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR & PSYCHOLOGY

• Etiologic factors in dental caries:
• 1.the host (teeth, salive)
• 2.microflora.
• 3.substrate(diet).
• 4.time..

ETIOLOGIC FACTORS IN DENTAL CARIES

• Dental caries is a multifactorial disease in which there is an interplay of 3 principle factors.
• I. The host ( teeth, saliva)
• II. Micro flora
• III. Substrate (diet)
• In addition the fourth factor, time must be considered.

I. HOST FACTORS

• Tooth
• Composition
• Morphologic characteristics
• Position

Composition of tooth

• Composition of tooth
• Enamel:-
• Inorganic : 96%
• Organic + water : 4%
• Dentin:-
• Inorganic :65%
• - Organic matter +water :35%
• Cementum:-
• Inorganic : 45-50%
• Organic +water : 50- 55%

Saliva

• Saliva
• Composition
• PH
• Quantity
• Viscosity
• Antibacterial factors

Other host factors

• Other host factors
• Age
• Dental caries decreases as age increases
• Root caries are common in elders
• Gingival recession  cemental exposure (improper brushing)
• Socioeconomic status
• High  low chance
• Low  more chance

II. MICROFLORA

• Strep. mutans  early carious lesions of enamel
• Lactobacilli  dentinal caries
• Actinomyces  root caries

• Dental caries does not occur in a sterile mouth. (no mouth can ever be made sterile)
• The conditions in the oral cavity are ideal for the growth of bacteria that metabolize sugar to acids.
• The oral cavity is generally a warm place, at body temperature (37°C) encouraging the growth of bacteria.

III. DIET

• Increase in carbohydrate increase carious activity
• Risk of caries is greater if the sugar is consumed in a form that will be retained on the surface of the teeth
• Risk of sugar increasing caries activity if it is consumed between meals.

THE CARIES PROCESS

• Caries of enamel
•  smooth surface caries
•  pit and fissure caries
• Caries of dentin
• Caries of cementum