Cyber Crime and Cyber Terrorism

KEY ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
The key issues and challenges facing governments, child care organizations and par-
ents alike can be broadly categorized into the following:
• Information and awareness about the issues
• Legal framework and difficulties dealing with cross border issues and globally 
agreed methods of working
• Technical challenges (information flow, access and processing)
It is perhaps worth considering what the overarching legal framework, applied to all 
countries, provides for when considering children, in relation to these key issues. The 
United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (UN, 1989), amongst 
other clauses provides the following:
• Article 3—on the best interests of the child—states that in all circumstances 
concerning the child, they should be the primary focus, whether this is within 

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Information awareness and better education
public or private institutions, legal or administrative settings. In each and every 
circumstance, in each and every decision affecting the child, the various possible 
solutions must be considered and due weight given to the child’s best interests. 
“Best interests of the child” means that the legislative bodies must consider whether 
laws being adopted or amended will benefit children in the best possible way.
• Article 16 (Right to privacy): Children have a right to privacy. The law should 
protect them from attacks against their way of life, their good name, their 
families and their homes. 5 Article 17 (Access to information; mass media): 
Children have the right to get information that is important to their health and 
well-being. Governments should encourage mass media—radio, television, 
newspapers and internet content sources—to provide information that children 
can understand and to not promote materials that could harm children. Mass 
media should particularly be encouraged to supply information in languages 
that minority and indigenous children can understand. Children should also have 
access to children’s books.
Hick and Halpin (2001)
, in considering the issue of children, child rights, and the 
advances of “Child Rights and the Internet” make the point that rights are balanced 
and not absolute and that technological advances will continue bringing the same 
need to review and reflect change to protect children and ensure that they benefit from 
technology.