Course paper scientific supervisor: D. Yuldasheva tasdiqlayman

b) Perlocutionary Acts: these are the effects of the articulation of illocutions on the addressees; Austin (1962: 101) argues that:
Saying something will often, or even normally, produce certain consequential effects upon the feelings, thoughts, or actions of the audience, or of the speaker, or of other persons: and it may be done with the design, intention, or purpose of producing them…we shall call the performance of an act of this kind the performance of a perlocutionary act or perlocution.
Correspondingly, Yu (2002: 04) and Wiggins (1971: 20) see that the perlocutionary act is an act of bringing about or achieving some consequences by saying something, such as convincing, persuading, deterring or surprising. Moreover, Yule (1996: 48) claims that the main purpose behind uttering illocutions is to see the effects or the perlocutions of these acts on the addresses. For instance, when I say: “There is a hornet in your left ear”, the perlocutionary of my utterance is when you start scratching your ear.


He persuaded me to shoot her. (Perlocutionary act)

Locutions	Illocutions	Perlocutions
He says to me: “This table is dirty”	He orders me to clean this table.	He obliges me to clean this table.
He says to me:“ You cannot do that next time”	He warns me that I will be punished next time.	He prevents me from doing that next time.
They asked: “Is tomorrow your birth day?	They promised to give me a present in my birthday.	They enjoyed me by their promise to give me a present in my birthday.
He states: “There is a trip tomorrow.”	He informs us that we will go in a trip.	He pleasures us to go in a journey.

Examples of locutions, illocutions and perlocutions

3.