infections, including those caused by Covid-19, are listed below.
Education
on
proper use, proper donation (putting on) and doffing (taking off) and
disposal of any PPE should be taken care. This document does not highlight
all aspects of the Standard Precautions (e.g., injection safety)
needed for all
patient care; the full description is given in the Isolation Guideline
Patient Placement
Install a patient with known or suspected Covid-19 (i.e.,
PUI) in an AIIR built and maintained in compliance with
current guidelines.
AIIRs are single-patient rooms with negative pressure
compared to surrounding areas and with at least 6 air
changes per hour (12 air changes per hour are
recommended for new or revamped construction). Before
recirculation, air from these rooms should be exhausted
directly to the outside or filtered through a high-efficiency
particulate air filter (HEPA). Room doors should be shut
except when entering or exiting the room and there should
be minimal entry and exit. Facilities should track and log
those rooms ' proper negative-pressure work.
If no AIIR is open, patients requiring hospitalization should
be moved to an AIIR facility as soon as possible. If the
patient does not need hospitalization, when considered
medically and socially necessary, they may be discharged
to the home (in conjunction with the state or local public
health authorities). Pending transfer or discharge, place the
patient in a facemask and isolate him / her in an exam room
with the door closed. Ideally, the patient should not be put
in any space within the building where exhaust is re-
circulated without HEPA filtration.
Once an AIIR is in operation, the facemask of the patient
may be removed. Restrict the patient's travel and movement
outside the AIIR to medically necessary purposes. If not in
an AIIR (e.g. during travel, or if there is no AIIR), patients
will wear a facemask to prevent secretions.
Personnel entering the room, as mentioned below, should
use PPE, including respiratory protection;
The room should be accessed only by essential personnel.
Implement personnel policies to reduce the number of HCP
people entering the room.
Facilities will consider taking care of these committed HCP
patients to reduce risk of transmission and exposure to other
patients and other HCP patients.
Facilities should keep a log of all individuals who care for
or access certain patients ' rooms or areas of treatment.
Using non-critical, dedicated or disposable patient care
devices (e.g., blood pressure cuffs). When equipment is
used for more than one patient, clean and disinfects this
equipment according to manufacturer's instructions prior to
use on another patient.
HCP should use respiratory protection when entering the
room soon after a patient has vacated the bed. (See Personal
Protective Equipment section below) The standard practice
for airborne pathogens (e.g., measles, tuberculosis) is to
prevent unprotected individuals, including HCP, from
accessing a vacant space before sufficient time has elapsed
for sufficient air changes to eradicate potentially infectious
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