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Fundamentals-of-Management-8th-Edition-Ricky-Griffin-978-1285849041

Matrix Design
The
matrix design
, another common approach to organization design, is based on two
overlapping bases of departmentalization.
47
The foundation of a matrix is a set of func-
tional departments. A set of product groups, or temporary departments, is then super-
imposed across the functional departments. Employees in a matrix are simultaneously
members of a functional department (such as engineering) and of a project team.
Figure 6.5 shows a basic matrix design. At the top of the organization are functional
units headed by vice presidents of engineering, production, finance, and marketing. Each
of these managers has several subordinates. Along the side of the organization are a
number of positions called
project manager
. Each project manager heads a project
CEO
Conrad Hotels
&
Resorts
Doubletree
Hotels
Hampton Inn
& Suites
Hilton Garden
Inn
Hilton Grand
Vacations
Club
Homewood
Suites
by Hilton
Embassy
Suites
Hotels
©
C
en
ga
ge
Lea
rn
ing
F I G U R E 6 . 4
Multidivisional (M-Form) Design at Hilton Hotels
Hilton Hotels uses the multidivisional approach to organization design. Although each unit operates with
relative autonomy, all units function in the same general market. This design resulted from a strategy of
related diversification. Other firms that use M-form designs include PepsiCo and the Walt Disney Company.
divisional design
Based on multiple
businesses in related
areas operating
within a larger
organizational
framework
matrix design
Based on two
overlapping bases of
departmentalization
Chapter 6:
Organization Structure and Design
1 7 9
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
www.MyEbookNiche.eCrater.com


group composed of representatives or workers from the functional departments.
Note from the figure that a matrix reflects a
multiple-command structure
—any given
individual reports to both a functional superior and one or more project managers.
The project groups, or teams, are assigned to designated projects or programs. For
example, the company might be developing a new product. Representatives are chosen
from each functional area to work as a team on the new product. They also retain
membership in the original functional group. At any given time, a person may be a
member of several teams as well as a member of a functional group. Ford used this
approach in creating its popular Focus automobile. It formed a group called
Team
Focus
made up of designers, engineers, production specialists, marketing specialists, and
other experts from different areas of the company. This group facilitated getting a very
successful product to the market at least a year earlier than would have been possible
using Ford’s previous approaches.
Martha Stewart also uses a matrix organization for her lifestyle business. The com-
pany was first organized broadly into media and merchandising groups, each of which
has specific products and product groups. Layered on top of this structure are teams of
lifestyle experts organized into groups such as cooking, crafts, and weddings. Each of
these groups is targeted toward specific customer needs, but they work as necessary
Employees
CEO
Project
manager B
Project
manager C
Vice president,
engineering
Vice president,
production
Vice president,
finance
Vice president,
marketing
Project
manager A
©
C
en
gag
e
Le
ar
nin
g

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