Convenience



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Fundamentals-of-Management-8th-Edition-Ricky-Griffin-978-1285849041

126
Part 2:
Planning
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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C H A P T E R
5
Entrepreneurship and
New Venture Management
Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1
Discuss the nature of entrepreneurship.
2
Describe the role of entrepreneurship in society.
3
Understand the major issues involved in choosing strategies for small firms and the role of international
management in entrepreneurship.
4
Discuss the structural challenges unique to entrepreneurial firms.
5
Understand the determinants of the performance of small firms.
Management in Action
Putting the Greek into Yogurt
“We had the right product. And we had it in the right place. And I think we
used the right approach, which was making a delicious, nutritious, natural,
and accessible product.”
—Hamdi Ulukaya, founder of Chobani yogurt
Hamdi Ulukaya was born and raised in Turkey. He helped work
in the family dairy, and loved eating the thick, tangy yogurt that
his mother prepared from an old family recipe. As he traveled
through Europe as a young man, he found similar kinds of
yogurt all along the way and became a real aficionado. He later
learned that European yogurt has almost always been made
using the so-called Greek process that removes the whey from
the final product (water left after the milk has been cultured)
resulting in a thick, creamy yogurt.
Ulukaya moved to the United States in 1994 to study
English. While he loved his new country, he quickly grew to
detest the yogurt varieties marketed in this country by
Dannon, Yoplait, and other companies. These manufacturers
produced yogurt using a different process that left the
whey in the yogurt—harmless, but resulting in a thinner, less
creamy product. He thought its taste was poor in comparison
to the yogurt he grew up with. Meanwhile, Ulukaya started
a
small business
called Euphrates
that produced
feta
Michael
Okoniewski/
Newscom
Hamdi Ulukaya is the founder and CEO of Chobani
yogurt. His entrepreneurial vision has transformed
Chobani into a multibillion-dollar corporation.
Sergii Tsololo/Photos.com
1 2 7
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
www.MyEbookNiche.eCrater.com


cheese for restaurants. He built it into a successful operation and accumulated
some savings.
One day in 2004, Ulukaya read an article about an old yogurt plant that Kraft
Foods was closing. As he thought about the old yogurt factory being shuttered
and his own disdain for local yogurt products, an idea began to take shape. The
next day, he drove to upstate New York, inspected the plant, and quickly decided
to buy it. He used a combination of personal savings and a loan from the U.S.
Small Business Association to buy the plant at a bargain price (he declined to
disclose the amount). He also hired four of the former Kraft employees who had
worked at the plant plus a skilled yogurt maker he knew by reputation from
Turkey.
Next, he needed to set up equipment and develop a production system. The
old Kraft plant had all of the basic yogurt-making equipment he needed.
However, because he wanted to extract the whey, he also needed some
additional machinery. After a brief search he found a used machine called a
separator in Wisconsin and bought it for $50,000. In addition, he bought a few
other pieces of specialized equipment—mostly used—and was ready to start
testing recipes and production processes.
He also wanted to create some unique packaging for his new line of yogurt.
Ulukaya didn’t feel that he could afford traditional advertising for his start-up
operation but concluded that he could attract consumer attention. He created a
model of his yogurt containers that was squatter and fatter than what other
manufacturers were using. This would both attract attention and make the
containers look a bit larger. In addition, he decided that he wanted the labels to be
shrunken-on plastic sleeves instead of being printed directly on the yogurt
containers—this would result in sharper and brighter colors, attracting further
attention.
But these decisions resulted in some temporary roadblocks for Ulukaya. The
first step in making the yogurt containers would be to create a mold. The lowest
bid he could get from a U.S. supplier for this job was $250,000—half of his
working capital. Eventually, though, he found a company in Colombia that would
do the job for half that amount. So, now he had a plant, equipment, workers, and
packing. But he still needed a product.
Finally, after a couple of years of trying and testing recipes and getting his
business plan finalized, Ulukaya launched his new yogurt in 2007. He named it
Chobani—Turkish for shepherd. To keep control over the product, as well as its
pricing
and
placement,
Ulukaya
and
his
first
marketing
representative
approached
retailers
directly
rather
than
going
through
distributors.
It
was important to Ulukaya, for example, that his yogurt be sold with all of the
other yogurts rather than in the organic section. Their first order was for 300
cases for a grocer on Long Island. A week later, the grocer called Ulukaya, told
him the product was flying off the shelf, and ordered another 300 cases.
To say Chobani has been successful would be an understatement. For
example, Ulukaya’s business plan called for achieving a sell rate of 20,000
cases of Chobani a week within 36 months. If the new start-up could not
reach that level, Ulukaya knew he would need to close the operation. As it
turned out, his target was way too low—by a year and a zero. By mid-2009,
200,000 cases a week were going out the door. Now Ulukaya is a billionaire.
Chobani has become a market leader and is also being made and sold in
Europe and Australia.

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