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CONTENT:
Introduction
1. The Impact of lingua-cultural rhetorical questions on dialogues____3
2. General-rhetorical questions_______________________________7
2.2 Examples of rhetorical questions__________________________15
2.3 Benefit of rhetorical questions for speech___________________17
3. Cultural peculiarities of rhetorical questions_________________25
Conclusion
Bibliography
Introduction
My course work deals with structural and pragmatic peculiarities of rhetorical questions responses in different cultures. The research approach based on the opposition between direct and indirect speech acts and hypothesis that rhetorical questions are indirect ones. My wok also contains the overview of structural types of rhetorical questions responses, description of their pragmatic characteristics and the way they function in contexts.
In the first part, I illustrated pragmatics, act, transferred meaning, implicate of rhetorical questions on daily conversation as well as written form of speech.
The following paragraph is about general data on RQ, development of linguistics creates the particular scope of the problems, connected with the functions and the realization of the language units in connected speech. Special consideration is given to pragmatic qualities of a statement, its semantic and syntactic peculiarities. Speech can be viewed as an activity which consists of speech acts. In the course of our work we found out that the classical theory of speech acts is based on the opposition of the direct and transferred meanings.
The cultural peculiarities of RQ in English language and how it affects to the meaning portrayed in the third paragraph. It was stated that an indirect speech act implies more information than it conveys because in indirect speech act the meaning of the speaker’s utterance and the meaning of the corresponding sentence structure may differ in many ways. In our research special attention was paid to questions which we consider different from interrogative sentences Since question is a type of speech action (type of communication unit via speech), an interrogative sentence is just a form of conveying a thought to another person. Therefore the notion of the question does not coincide with the notion of the interrogative sentence.
All in all, RQ can be defined as formally interrogative statements. There are four main formal characteristics of an interrogative sentence:
1. Inverted word order
2. WH words
3. Intonation
4. Question/exclamation mark RQ usually correspond to the above mentioned characteristics but they are deprived of information request function and their main speech function consists in transmitting a message to the listener/reader.
Thus the above mentioned opposition of direct and transferred meanings becomes obvious. For example, “Why are you so stupid?” is likely to be a statement regarding one’s opinion about the person addressed rather than a genuine inquiry. Similarly, when someone responds to a tragic event by saying, “Why me?!” it is more likely to be an accusation or an expression of feeling than a realistic request for information. Dialogue as one of the two language communication forms has a direct connection (unlike monologue) with people’s behavior, particular situation when they have to communicate, social context and psychological guidelines. Specific character of human communication as a chain of social interactions can be revealed only in dialogues. RQ are very often used in dialogues as responses to the previous remarks, statements, questions, offers etc. Rhetorical questions-responses (RQR) are mostly used as a means of avoiding the direct answer to the previous question/remark because it may seem inadequate or inappropriate to the speaker. It already implies an answer and helps involve the reader (listener) into the conversation. “You think I’m just a bimbo?” “What else are you?” Pragmatic peculiarities of RQR RQ are also one of the most popular means of emotional response to the previous remark in the dialogue. RQR are usually tightly connected with the shape and content of the previous remark and therefore may partially reproduce its wording. “How do you suppose you could get around to thinking about it?” He leaned forward gracefully and smiled between his teeth.
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