Confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of corruption crimes in Eastern Europe and Central Asia



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OECD-Confiscation-of-Proceeds-of-Corruption-Crimes-ENG

Latvia
, does 
not allow to define the amount of confiscated assets on corruption and/or money laundering cases. 
As reported by 
Moldova
, in this country, in the period of 2013-2015, the assets were confiscated to the 
amount of Moldovan Leu 5 132 842 (about EUR 244 421), based on 314 judgments of conviction for 
corruption crimes by applying the confiscation measures. The statistical reporting system in Ukraine does 
not allow to define the amount of confiscated assets in criminal cases on corruption and money laundering, 
in practice the amounts were minimum in 2013 – 2015.
Armenia
provided the statistics only for money laundering cases during the period of 2013 – 2014, which 
showed that during this period the assets were confiscated on three criminal cases to the total amount of 
about EUR 46 600 (including EUR 45 246 on one criminal case).
In 
Kyrgyzstan
, there is no record-keeping on the amounts of confiscated assets from corruption and money 
laundering at all. 
Azerbaijan
referred to the value of damages from corruption in the criminal cases, and 
percentage of compensation for damages thereof during the investigation process, as well as the value of the 
property, arrested during the investigation, though without indicating the value of assets, confiscated by 
courts as the result of proceedings. It should be also noted that in all these countries there is no comprehensive 
statistical record-keeping by types and objects of confiscation either. 
Only Georgia and Romania, amongst all countries of the ACN, have provided the samples of 
extended 
confiscation
of unjustified amount of assets, Montenegro – has provided an overview, and Slovenia – 
provided the statistics on confiscation of assets in such cases. The example of Georgia is described in detail 
in the Section 4 ‘Typology of Confiscation Measures’ (‘d’ – Civil Forfeiture.) 
In 
Romania
, the court applied the criminal extended confiscation to two objects of the property (apartments), 
which have been acquired by a person convicted of trading in influence. In particular, the court concluded 
that the legal earnings of the accused person would not allow him paying off the bank loans, which the person 
got for those two apartments. In addition, the detailed records of the phone calls demonstrated that he took 
other actions similar to those he was convicted of. Concerning the possibility of confiscation of the mortgage 
property, the court noted that the mortgage should follow the assets, irrespectively of its owner. As a 
42
See Naim Tota, Gledina Mecka, Confiscation as a Preventive Measure Against Trafficking as Part of the Organized Crime in 
Albania, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy, Vol 5 No. 27 December 2014, page 224. 


91 
 
consequence, the seizure of the assets (which suggests the transfer of ownership to the state) shall not affect 
the rights of the party in the civil proceedings, since it shall not have any impact on the bank’s rights in 
relation to the assets (the Decision of the Supreme Court of Appeals and Justice dated 5 June 2013 – 
No.1922). 
Examples of confiscation in practice of 

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