Conduct of modern science– 2016 • Díl 1

MATERIALS OF THE XVI INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE ★ March 30 - April 7, 2020
designed taking into account possible natural calamities such as hurricanes, floods, 
earthquakes, etc.
Analyzing the state’s role in the organization and development of tourism 
activities in developed countries of the world makes it possible to differentiate some 
types of models used for state regulation as a component of the market economy in 
these countries. The first model is based on the absence of any central state tourism 
administration, with problems resolved on the principles of market self-organization. 
This model is used in such cases when tourism is not vital for the national economy, 
and tourism market participants hold strong positions and are able to solve their 
problems without state involvement.
The second model stipulates a strong and respectful central body - a ministry
- that controls the operation of all tourism companies in a country. To implement 
this model the following conditions are necessary: sizeable cash injections into the 
tourism industry, advertising and marketing activities in particular, and investment 
in tourism infrastructure. This model of tourism management organization is in use 
in Egypt, Mexico, Tunisia, Turkey and other countries where tourism is a major earner 
of budget revenues.
The third model is typical for developed European countries. Issues related to 
the development of tourism activities in these countries are resolved within a specific 
multi-industry ministry at a level of the respective sectorial division. The ministry’s 
department responsible for tourism development operates in two areas, i.e. either 
resolves or regulates general issues of state regulation and directs and coordinates 
marketing activities.
The combination of tourism with other non-manufacturing industries, especially 
culture (Azerbaijan, Andorra, Albania, Greece and Turkey) and sports (Russia, 
Belarus, Kazakhstan, Poland and San-Marino) has become widespread in European 
countries. There are only six countries in Europe that have general ministries for 
tourism 
and material industries, namely Spain, Iceland, Luxembourg, Bulgaria, 
Romania and Cyprus. In Spain tourism comes under the Ministry of Industry, Energy 
and Tourism.
The international practice also highlights the fourth model of state regulation
in the tourism industry. This model stipulates the establishment of a united ministry to
cover tourism and other related sectors. Typical features of this model are the
following: the tourism industry is marked as a national priority, and the authority
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