Compass assessment: 2002 document 44 august 2002

From the above table, it is evident that men and women participate equally in project activities; however it is important to point out that increased participation of women does not mean a corresponding change in the division of labour. Rather than transform existing gender roles, women become more over burdened as a result of participation considering their reproductive, productive and community roles.

ANNEX 3

ACCESS AND CONTROL PROFILE

Table 3. Bwanje Afforestation Project: Access and Control Profile of Resources and Benefits

	ACCESS				CONTROL
	Women	Men	Girls	Boys	Women	Men	Girls	Boys
Resources Land Equipment Labor Skills Cash	2 2 2 2 1	2 2 2 2 2	1 1 0 0 0	1 1 0 0 0	1 1 1 2 1	2 2 2 2 2	0 0 0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
	9	10	2	2	6	10	0	0
Benefits Firewood Building poles Seedlings Income from sale of trees	2 2 2 1	2 2 2 2	1 0 0 0	1 0 0 0	1 1 1 1	2 2 2 2	1 0 0 0	0 0 0 0
	7	8	1	1	4	8	1	0

Note:

0 - no access or control, 1- has some access or control, 2 - has full access or control

This profile shows that largely, men control the resources and benefits. what emerged in this profile is typical in most projects visited during this evaluation. Women provide most of the labour but have minimal control of the resources and benefits.
ANNEX 4

GENDER ANALYSIS MATRIX (GAM)

Table 4. Impact of The Project on Men and Women in Bwanje Afforestation and Environmental Project

	Labour	Time	Access to resources	Benefits	Culture	Decision making	Skills
Women	- increased work for women	- Increased hours of working. Long waiting time at well, watering nurseries everyday	+ have firewood and building poles	- none by the women. Men control the cash income + firewood nearer for women	+women are being involved with men more than before	+women are in project management committees + women have also been trained in management	+ have skills in nursery management and tree planting
Men	- a lot of work. Sometimes watering nurseries. Fencing is men’s responsibility	- tending nurseries takes a lot of time	+ have poles for fencing and building houses	- sell poles and sometimes firewood for income but income is very little + a few men have beehives in the planted forest	- men are recognising working together with women	+ manage own group activities	+ skills in tree nursery management + have skills in group management, leadership
Household	- increased workload affects work at the household level	- less time spent at home because of increased activities	+ there is firewood available and building poles.	- not much income has come to the households	- mother spends more time in the group than before	-not much change	+ some household have established own tree nurseries.
Community	+ community members work long hours sometimes in the project	- more time spent at the project site	+ even group members have a source for firewood and building poles	+ community has an organised group which is a forum for other development activities + have learnt about access to government extension services	+ changes in men and women working together than before	+ community involved in developing own project and activities	+ skills in afforestation
Neighboring communities

Note: + represents positive change, - represents no change at all or negative change
From the matrix above, women realised that by participating in project activities, they have a longer working day. During the dry season, tree nurseries have to be watered everyday by the women. In Bwanje, women spend a lot of time at the water well waiting to fill their containers, take the water to the nurseries and water the trees. However, the women appreciate the benefits of having firewood and poles for building houses closer to home that going to the guarded forest to be arrested.