Appendix 1
Specific areas of experience
Another way to understand idioms is to identify the specific area of experience that the idiom is based on.
For example, some idioms are based on sport, war, cooking or films. Cut to the chase (Unit 4) is based on
the area of films.
cut to the chase
If you cut
to the chase, you start talking about or dealing with what is really important, instead of less
important things.
I
N O T E
I In
film s,
when one scene ends and another begins the action
is
said to ‘cut’
f r o m
one scene to the next.
If a film ‘cuts to the chase’, it moves on to a car chase scene, which is usually fast-moving and exciting.
I'll cut to the chase - we just don't have enough money for the project.
If you know which specific area of experience the idiom is based on, it is easier to remember the meaning.
Grouping idioms in your notebook under their specific area of experience may help you to remember them more
easily. Also, if you recognize the origin of a new idiom, you might be able to work out its meaning on your own.
Developing these skills is useful. Here are some other idioms from this book that are based on experience in sport.
a level playing field (Unit 10)
move the goalposts (Unit 10)
par for the course (Unit 17)
Historical/Cultural context
It is also useful to think about the historical/cultural context of idioms. For example, English has lots of
idioms that are based on sailing because historically England was a seafaring nation. Knowing this will help
you recognize and understand idioms with their origins in sailing. Here are some examples from this book.
plain sailing (Unit 15)
the coast is clear (Unit 19)
Similarly, for historical/cultural reasons, there are lots of idioms in the English
language that are based on
card games, horse racing and hunting. Here are some examples from this book.
above board (Unit 10)
leave someone in the lurch (Unit 5)
Simile
Many idioms in English are based on similes. A simile is an expression that describes a person or thing
as being similar to someone or something else. This comparison often makes these idioms easier to
remember. Here are some examples from this book.
a mind like a sieve (Unit 2)
get on like a house on fire (Unit 5)
treat someone like dirt (Unit 5)
Sound patterns
Up to 20 per cent of English idioms use alliteration (where the initial
letters or sounds of all, or most of
words are the same) or use words that rhyme. Because of the sound patterns of these idioms they can be
easier to remember. Here are some examples from this book.
make a mountain out of a molehill (Unit 4)
a labour of love (Unit 7)
break your back (Unit 9)
below the belt (Unit 10)
fair and square (Unit 10)
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