Source: State Administration of Taxation
5.2 Food manufacturing industry
China's food industry covers a great amount of sectors. Being divided up by natural and contrived factors, the vast food market easily displays a pattern of a large number of enterprises but small scale and scattered layout. Most food sectors suffer from backward facilities, high energy consumption and low economic profits.
Food industry has also been impeded by the disparate development in regions. Middle and west China are quite lagged behind in food industry, with a per capita food output much lower than the east. Despite the large quantity of agricultural products for processing and rich labor resources in the west, the lagging food industry hampers the development of food materials and human resources as a drag on China's food industry development. The well-known brands in China's food industry mainly stay within the country and few go international. The great deal of exported food products mainly compete with low prices not brand advantages. The international market only sees Made in China, but rare Chinese band as famous as Coca Cola or Nestle.
Food manufacturing industry is significant to China's light industry. The industrial output of agricultural and sideline food processing accounts for 8.27% of the total output value of light industry in 2008.Food manufacturing industry is a light industry closely related to people's life. China's food processing includes bakery food manufacturing, liquid milk and dairy product manufacturing, candy, chocolate and preserved fruit manufacturing, instant food manufacturing, canning, seasoning, fermented goods and other food manufacturing.
During 2004 to November 2008, the number of agricultural and sideline food processing enterprises increase from 5,528 to 7,101. The asset size increased from 258.1 billion yuan to 483.4 billion yuan. The industrial output value increased from 289.9 billion yuan to 699.7 billion yuan, up by 2.41 times. The industrial sales value increased from 281.3 billion yuan to 666.2 billion yuan, up by 2.37 times. The Total profits increased from 13.5 billion yuan to 31 billion yuan.
Figure 5-7 Scale growth of food processing industry 2004-2008
Item
|
Jan.-Nov. 2008
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
Number of enterprises
|
7101
|
6644
|
6056
|
5553
|
5528
|
Average annual employees
|
14.0
|
13.5
|
12.8
|
12.1
|
11.1
|
Total asset (100 million)
|
4834
|
4416
|
3689
|
3253
|
2851
|
Total industrial output value (100 million yuan)
|
6997
|
6071
|
4714
|
3779
|
2899
|
Industrial sales revenue (100 million yuan)
|
6662
|
5920
|
4613
|
3697
|
2813
|
Total profits (100 million yuan)
|
310
|
394
|
273
|
206
|
135
|
Source: China National Light Industry Council
In 2008, bakery food manufacturing industry generated a total output value of 55.1 billion yuan, 1.81 times of 30.4 billion yuan in 2004. The liquid milk and dairy product manufacturing industry reached 155.5 billion yuan in 2008, 2.21 times of 70.3 billion yuan in 2004. Its total output value accounts for 20.7% of food industry. In 2008, the total industrial output value of candy, chocolate and preserved manufacturing industry and instant food manufacturing industry were 21.2 billion yuan and 47.8 billion yuan respectively, and 51.5 billion yuan and 123.9 billion yuan in 2008. The output value of canning sector and seasoning/fermented goods manufacturing sector increased by 7.8% and 15.4% respectively from 2004 to 2008.
Figure 5-8 Total industrial output value of major sectors of food manufacturing industry 2004-2008
Unit: 100 million RMB
Item
|
2008
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
Bakery food manufacturing
|
551
|
597
|
453
|
373
|
304
|
Liquid milk and dairy product manufacturing
|
1555
|
1329
|
1098
|
891
|
703
|
Candy, chocolate and preserved food manufacturing
|
515
|
424
|
320
|
269
|
212
|
Instant food manufacturing
|
1239
|
973
|
760
|
621
|
478
|
Canning
|
587
|
463
|
351
|
284
|
238
|
Seasoning and fermented goods manufacturing
|
1159
|
940
|
786
|
584
|
461
|
Other food manufacturing
|
1898
|
1345
|
945
|
758
|
503
|
Source: China National Light Industry Council
The sales costs of food processing industry were 218.1 million yuan in 2004 and increased to 535.9 billion yuan in the first eleven months in 2008. The year-one-year growth basically kept rising. The management expenses of this industry were 13.7 billion yuan in 2004 and increased to 22.8 billion yuan in the first eleven months in 2008. The financial expenses in the first eleven months in 2008 were 6.1 billion yuan, up by 23.0% on a year-one-year basis.
Figure 5-9 Costs and expenses of food industry 2004-2008
Item
|
Jan.-Nov. 2008
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
Sales costs (RMB 100 million)
|
5359
|
4585
|
3631
|
2868
|
2181
|
Year-on-year growth (%)
|
28.7
|
26.3
|
26.6
|
31.5
|
29.7
|
Management expenses (RMB 100 million)
|
228
|
215
|
181
|
161
|
137
|
Year-on-year growth (%)
|
27.2
|
19.0
|
12.0
|
18.0
|
20.4
|
Financial expenses (RMB 100 million)
|
61
|
57
|
45
|
40
|
34
|
Year-on-year growth (%)
|
23.0
|
25.8
|
13.7
|
17.9
|
16.7
|
Source: China National Light Industry Council
The asset growth ratio of food processing industry kept a steady growth during 2004 to 2008, and peaked at 19.7% in 2007 and 16.8% in 2008. The asset-liability ratio maintained a steady change, which reached as high as 56.7% in 2004 and 55.8% in the first eleven months in 2008. The financial crisis and the economic depression have a limited impact on food industry, which encountered a remarkable profit growth during 2005 to 2008. The total industrial output value of this industry grew at 52.3% in 2005 and kept as high as 31.5% growth in Jan.-Nov. 2008. The annual employee growth ratio reached 9.7% in 2004 and 5.5% after 2006.
Figure 5-10 Profit growth of food industry 2004-2008 Unit: %
Item
|
Jan.- Nov. 2008
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
Asset growth ratio
|
16.8
|
19.7
|
13.4
|
14.1
|
23.6
|
Asset-liability
|
55.8
|
52.8
|
54.7
|
56.0
|
56.7
|
Profit growth ratio
|
31.5
|
44.3
|
32.5
|
52.3
|
19.7
|
Growth ratio of total industrial output value
|
30.4
|
28.8
|
24.7
|
30.4
|
26.6
|
Annual employee growth ratio
|
5.7
|
5.4
|
5.9
|
9.1
|
9.7
|
Source: China National Light Industry Council
The candy output stood at 632,051 tons in 2004 and increased to 1.21 million tons in 2008. In 2008, the pastry output was around 800,000 tons, up by 26.2% on a year-on-year basis. The biscuit output was 280,000 tons, up by 30.8% on a year-on-year basis. The instant noodles output was 500,000 tons, up by 5.3% on a year-on-year basis. The year of 2008 saw a negative growth in dairy product and monosodium glutamate manufacturing, down by 0.5% and 9.2% respectively on a year-on-year basis. Soy source output increased by 12.6% on a year-on-year basis.
Figure 5-11 Major products output of food processing industry 2004-2008
Item
|
Candy
|
Year-on-year
increase or
decrease
|
Pastry
|
Year-on-year increase or decrease
|
Biscuit
|
Year-on-year increase or decrease
|
Instant
noodles
|
Year-on-year
increase or
decrease
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
2008
|
1213698
|
15.8
|
799129
|
26.2
|
2826930
|
30.8
|
4994535
|
5.3
|
2007
|
988830
|
18.1
|
634266
|
17.2
|
2237571
|
26.1
|
5077187
|
21.3
|
2006
|
791309
|
16.2
|
590792
|
22.2
|
1784501
|
21.4
|
4311270
|
23.9
|
2005
|
789314
|
12.9
|
429463
|
18.3
|
1367544
|
23.7
|
3279172
|
20.5
|
2004
|
632051
|
9.4
|
340184
|
20.3
|
1054716
|
7.8
|
2764158
|
8.9
|
Item
|
Dairy products
|
Year-on-year
increase or
decrease
|
Canned
products
|
Year-on-year increase or decrease
|
Monosodium Glutamate
|
Year-on-year increase or decrease
|
Soy source
|
Year-on-year increase or decrease
|
(10,000 tons)
|
(%)
|
(10,000 tons)
|
(%)
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
(ton)
|
(%)
|
2008
|
1811
|
-0.5
|
595
|
17.4
|
1843892
|
-9.2
|
3670709
|
12.6
|
2007
|
1787
|
21.8
|
514
|
24.6
|
1912922
|
16.6
|
3240886
|
20.0
|
2006
|
1460
|
23.5
|
407
|
18.7
|
1705971
|
23.8
|
2701842
|
24.6
|
2005
|
1310
|
28.0
|
360
|
16.3
|
1359724
|
17.9
|
1987162
|
18.4
|
2004
|
949
|
32.3
|
313
|
17.4
|
1149161
|
2.6
|
1689335
|
4.8
|
Source: China National Light Industry Council
Top 50 enterprises in terms of tax payment of China's food manufacturing industry 2007 are as follows:
Figure 5-12 Top 50 enterprises list in terms of taxes of China's food manufacturing industry 2007
Ranking
|
Region
|
Name of enterprise
|
Tax (10,000RMB)
|
1
|
Guangdong
|
Wm. Wrigley Jr. (China) Company
|
56138
|
2
|
Guangdong
|
Perfect (China) Co., Ltd.
|
55148
|
3
|
Inner Mongolia
|
Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd.
|
29003
|
4
|
Guangdong
|
Nanfang Lee Kum Kee Co., Ltd.
|
28615
|
5
|
Inner Mongolia
|
Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (group) Co., Ltd.
|
26986
|
6
|
Guangdong
|
Foshan HADAY Flavoring and Food Co., Ltd.
|
26915
|
7
|
Guangdong
|
Dongguan Xufuji Food Co., Ltd.
|
26252
|
8
|
Guangdong
|
Dongguan Nestle Co., Ltd.
|
25765
|
9
|
Shanghai
|
Intel Child Nutrition Dary Co., Ltd.
|
24853
|
10
|
Guangdong
|
Mead Johnson Nutrition (China) Co., Ltd.
Intel Child Nutrition Dary Co., Ltd.
|
22816
|
11
|
Qingdao
|
Sheng Yuan Nutritional Food Co., Ltd.
|
19476
|
12
|
Beijing
|
Effern Foods (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
|
18607
|
13
|
Shanghai
|
Bright Dairy Co.,Ltd
|
18180
|
14
|
Inner Mongolia
|
Tongliao Meihua Biological Sci-tech Co., Ltd
|
17831
|
15
|
Zhejiang
|
Hangzhou Tingyi. Food Co., Ltd.
|
16970
|
16
|
Shanghai
|
Perfetti Van Melle Confection Co., Ltd. (China)
|
14718
|
17
|
Shanghai
|
Shanghai Totole Food Co., Ltd.
|
13734
|
18
|
Heilongjiang
|
Nestlé Shuangcheng Ltd.
|
13718
|
19
|
Guangdong
|
Guangdong Yashili Group Co., Ltd.
|
13571
|
20
|
Tianjin
|
Tianjin Dingyi Int'l Food Co., Ltd.
|
12994
|
21
|
Guangdong
|
Guangzhou Dingyi Food Co.,Ltd.
|
11303
|
22
|
Guangdong
|
Scient (Guangzhou) Infant Nurture Co., Ltd.
|
11158
|
23
|
Henan
|
Huamao Shuanghui Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd.
|
11131
|
24
|
Jiangsu
|
Nanjing Strong Foodstuff Co., Ltd.
|
11024
|
25
|
Guangdong
|
Yangjiang Xizhilang Jelly Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
|
10852
|
26
|
Beijing
|
Pro-Health ( China ) Co., Ltd.
|
9883
|
27
|
Hubei
|
Wuhan President Enterprises Food Co., Ltd.
|
9476
|
28
|
Guizhou
|
Guiyang Nanming Laoganma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Co., Ltd.
|
8423
|
29
|
Zhejiang
|
Zhejiang Beingmate Technology-Industry-Trade Co。,Ltd.
|
8131
|
30
|
Shanghai
|
PepsiCo Foods (China) Co., Ltd.
|
8098
|
31
|
Hebei
|
Orion Food Co., Ltd.
|
7982
|
32
|
Shanghai
|
Shanghai Goldpartner Biotech Co., Ltd.
|
7727
|
33
|
Beijing
|
New Era Health Industry (Group) Co., Ltd.
|
7638
|
34
|
Inner Mongolia
|
Inner Mongolia Jinchuan Yili Dairy Co., Ltd.
|
7272
|
35
|
Shanghai
|
Shanghai Christine Foodstuff Co., Ltd.
|
6876
|
36
|
Xiamen
|
Xiamen Yinlu Food Co., Ltd.
|
6862
|
37
|
Beijing
|
China Animal Husbandry Industry Co., Ltd.
|
6748
|
38
|
Chongqing
|
Chongqing Dingyi Food Co., Ltd.
|
6698
|
39
|
Sichuan
|
Chengdu President Enterprises Food Co., Ltd.
|
6464
|
40
|
Hebei
|
Shijianzhuang SanLu Group Co., Ltd.
|
6455
|
41
|
Henan
|
Zhengzhou Sanquan Foods Co., Ltd.
|
6453
|
42
|
Hebei
|
Jinmailang Food Co., Ltd.
|
6253
|
43
|
Heilongjiang
|
Duerbote Yili Dairy Co., Ltd.
|
6215
|
44
|
Zhejiang
|
Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd.
|
6191
|
45
|
Jiangsu
|
VV Food and Beverage Co., Ltd.
|
6175
|
46
|
Shaanxi
|
Xi'an Yinqiao Bio-tech Co.,Ltd. Lintong Branch
|
6109
|
47
|
Guangdong
|
Wm. Wrigley Jr. (China) Company Fanyu Factory
|
6032
|
48
|
Shanghai
|
Shanghai Wyeth Nutritional Co., Ltd.
|
5966
|
49
|
Hunan
|
Hunan AVA Holdings Co., Ltd. Nanshan Green Food
Development Branch
|
5807
|
50
|
Heibei
|
Hebei Meihua Monosodium Glutamate Group Co., Ltd.
|
5684
|
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