Child Psychology and Psychiatry



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066 Child Psychology and Psychiatry

ASSOCIATED FEATURES
Precipitating factors
Somatoform disorders may be precipitated by
physical problems and medical treatments; for
example, severe abdominal pains may start after
an acute gastrointestinal infection. An injury
followed by treatment with immobilization may
precede loss of sensation or motility in a limb. A
flu-type or infectious illness may bring on chronic
fatigue syndrome. Stressful events are known to
contribute to the development or continuation
of problems such as recurrent abdominal pains.
Their effect may be mediated by problems in
social competence (i.e. child, parent and teacher
perceptions of the child’s social skills or peer
acceptance) in the child and high levels of stress
or of physical symptoms in families.
Comorbidity
Between one-third and one-half of children with
somatization-related disorders have psychiatric
comorbidity [2]; but in severely affected children
with chronic fatigue syndrome and in more recent
studies of children with recurrent abdominal
pain attending paediatric clinics this rises to
three-quarters [3]. Emotional spectrum disorders
(usually anxiety or depressive disorders) are the
most common association. Psychiatric disorders
may precede the development of the handicapping
functional symptoms, or they develop during its
course.

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