Чет тиллар факультети инглиз тили ўҚитиш методикаси кафедраси

Oratory and Speeches. The oratorical style is the oral subdivision of the publicistic style. To this style belong: 1) speeches on political and social problems of the day, orations and addresses on solemn occasions, as public weddings,
funerals, jubilees, 2) political speeches (parliamentary debates, speeches at rallies, congresses, election campaigns, 3) sermons on religious subjects and morality. Typical features of the spoken variety are: 1) direct address to the audience (Honorable members), 2) contractions (I’ll, isn’t), 3) use of the colloquial words,
4) stylistic devices used are interwoven and complementary. Among lexical stylistic devices the most frequent are metaphor and allusions. Repetition is frequently used to the enable listeners to follow the idea in the form of
synonymic phrase repetition, parallel constructions, antithesis, climax, rhetorical questions.
The essay.
The essay is a literary composition of moderate length on philosophical, social or literary subjects. It never goes deep into the subject. The most characteristic features of the essay are: 1) personality in the treatment of theme, 2) naturalness of expression. The characteristic language features are: 1) the brevity of expression, 2) the use of first person singular (I think), 3) the expanded use of connectives, 4) the abundant use of emotive words, 5) the use of similes and sustained metaphors.
Journalistic articles.
Journalistic article is similar to newspaper article but has its differentiating characteristics: 1) rare and bookish words, neologisms, traditional
word-combinations and parenthesis are more frequent here than in newspaper articles, 2) the use of the emphatic constructions (It is he who...)
3) the use of more abstract words of logical meaning, emotional words and less traditional set expressions.

Questions for self-control:
1) Give the definition of functional style.
2) List the substyles of belles-lettres style. What is the function of this style? What are the characteristic features of this style?
3) Analyse and comment on the stylistic devices used in the text: - an abstract from Terry Pratchett “Wyrd Sisters”: The wind howled. Lightning stabbed at the earth erratically, like an inefficient assassin. Thunder rolled back and forth across the dark, rain-lashed hills. The night was as black as the inside of a cat. It was the kind of night, you could believe, on which gods moved men as though they were pawns on the chessboard of fate. In the middle of this elemental storm a fire gleamed among the dripping furze bushes like the madness in a weasel's eye. It
illuminated three hunched figures. As the cauldron bubbled an eldritch voice shrieked: 'When shall we three meet again?' There was a pause. Finally another voice said, in far more ordinary tones: 'Well, I can do next Tuesday.' an abstract from Samuel Taylor Coleridge “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”:
The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,
The furrow followed free;
We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea.
Down dropped the breeze, the sails dropped down,
Twas sad as sad could be;
And we did speak only to break The silence of the sea!
All in a hot and copper sky, The bloody Sun, at noon,
Right up above the mast did stand,
No bigger than the Moon.
Day after day, day after day,
We stuck, nor breath nor motion;
As idle as a painted ship
Upon a painted ocean.
4) List the substyles of publicistic style. What is the function of this style? What are the characteristic features of this style?
5) Choose any publicistic article or essay of contemporary writer and comment on its stylistic peculiarities.