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Evaluating Plot
Having studied a given story or novel, to see how the author has arranged and made us use the elements of plot, we should be ready to evaluate his or her success. The customary test of a plot’s effectiveness is its unity: the degree to which each episode and the place it occupies in the narrative structure of the work bear in some necessary and logical (or psychological) way upon the resolution of the initial conflict. In the process on can also raise questions about the plausibility of a given episode or, for that matter, the plausibility of the plot as a whole – that is, whether the events and their resolution are guilty of violating our sense of the probable or possible. The violation of plausibility – which is, in turn, a violation of a basic intelligence of the reader – is a quality we often associate with popular commercial fiction, in which a happy ending seems to be grafted on a plot for the sake of convenience and propriety, when everything that preceded is pointed in the opposite direction.
One frequently used test of plausibility involves the author’s use of chance (events that occur without apparent cause or sufficient preparation) and coincidence (the accidental occurrence of two events that have a certain correspondence). Although chance and coincidence occur in real life, their use in literature becomes suspect if they seem to be merely an artificial device for arranging events or imposing a resolution. Such events tend to mar or even destroy a plot’s plausibility and unity.
Analyzing Plot
In approaching a work of fiction for the first time, we can analyze the plot by attempting to answer such questions as the following:

1. 
   What is the conflict (or conflicts) on which the plot turns? Is it external, internal or a combination of the two?
   
2. 
   What are the chief episodes or incidents that make up the plot? Is its development strictly chronological, or the chronology rearranged in some way?
   
3. 
   Compare the plot’s beginning and end. What essential changes have taken place?
   
4. 
   Describe the plot in terms of its exposition, complication, crisis, falling action and resolution.
   
5. 
   Is the plot unified? Do the individual episodes logically relate to one another?
   
6. 
   Is the ending appropriate to and consistent with the rest of the plot?
   
7. 
   Is the plot plausible? What role, if any, do chance and coincidence play?