Chapter II elt methods: a basic Appraisal 1 Humanistic Approaches

In-class reflection18
3. Suggestopedia
Suggestopaedia is based on the fact that the brain can be directly stimulated through the power of suggestion. “Developed by GeorgiLozanov, suggestopedia sees the physical surroundings and atmosphere of the classroom as of vital importance. By ensuring that the students are comfortable, confident and relaxed, the affective filter is lowered, thus enhancing learning.” (Harmer 2001:89)
Suggestopedia promised great results if we use our brain power and inner capacities. Lozanov (1979) believed that we are capable of learning much more than we think. Lozanov and his followers tried to present vocabulary, readings, role-plays and drama with classical music in the background and students sitting in comfortable seats.
Learning can be enhanced when students learn in a state of deep relaxation bordering on hypnosis which can be brought about through “yogic techniques of relaxation, rhythmic breathing, and listening to readings by the teacher which are synchronised to music” (Nunan 1991: 239).
Learning is facilitated in an environment that is as comfortable as possible, featuring soft cushioned seating and dim lighting. Students work from lengthy dialogs in the target language, with an accompanying translation into the students' native language.
In-class reflection
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4. Total Physical Response (TPR)
TPR became well-know in the 1970s and derived its main principles from the observing how children acquire their first langauge. “If children learn much of their language from speech directed at them in the form of commands to perform actions, then adults will learn best in that way too. Accordingly, TPR asks students to respond physically to the language they hear.” (Harmer 2001:90) In other words, language learning is reinforced by body movement and associating language to physical actions or movements (smiling, reaching, grabbing, looking, etc).
TPR emphasised the role comprehensible input as comprehension precedes production.
Memory is stimulated and increased when it is closely associated with motor activity.
Learning should be as fun and stress-free as possible, and should be dynamic through the use of accompanying physical activity.
The following sequenced steps represent the techniques used in classroom as listed by Mora