Chapter hvac engineering Fundamentals: Part 1 Introduction


Fan-coil units and unit ventilators



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HVAC HANDBOOK

10.15.3
Fan-coil units and unit ventilators
For a discussion of these devices see Chap. 11.
10.16
Heat Pumps
A
heat pump
is a mechanical refrigeration system arranged and con-
trolled to utilize the condenser heat for some useful purpose, typically
space heating. Systems may be package or built-up, air-to-air, water-
to-air, or water-to-water. Earth-coupled systems are also used as a var-
iation of the water-to-water concept.
10.16.1
Package heat pumps
A package heat pump is a factory-assembled system designed to pro-
vide either heating or cooling, as needed. The standard refrigeration
cycle is modified as shown in Fig. 10.23. The key to the operation is
the reversing valve. In the cooling position, refrigerant flow is directed
first to the outdoor coil, which becomes the condenser. The liquid re-
frigerant then bypasses metering device 1 and flows through metering
device 2 to the indoor coil. The metering device is a thermal expansion
valve, throttling tube, or some other method of reducing the pressure.
The indoor coil then becomes the evaporator, and cooling is provided.
With the reversing valve in the heating position, refrigerant flow is
reversed, the indoor coil becomes the condenser and provides heating;
heat is extracted from the outdoor air. The changeover from heating
to cooling may be automatic but is usually manual. Most package heat
pumps are air-to-air. The heating capacity decreases as the outdoor
air temperature decreases.
While most air-to-air heat pumps will operate satisfactorily down to
0

F outdoors, auxiliary heating will be needed except in very mild
climates. Figures 10.24 and 10.25 illustrate the procedure for deter-
mining the auxiliary heat required. Figure 10.24 shows the method of
calculating the net heating load as a function of temperature. For
Equipment: Part 2
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