Task 2. Describe the following graph.
Task 3. Speak on the topic: Banks and their Economic functions.
Card №5
Task 1. Give the main idea of the text.
When Russia attacked Ukraine in February, the EU acted very quickly to give consequences to Russia. Interestingly, the EU is still buying energy from Russia.
Before the war started, 47% of coal, 41% of gas, and 27% of oil came from Russia. This energy was for households and big companies, too.
Since the start of the war, the EU paid Russia more than 46 billion euros for its energy. Ukrainian president Volodimir Zelensky said that the EU made money from blood because Russia bought weapons with the money.
The EU wants to end imports of Russian coal this summer. Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands are countries which buy the most Russian energy. Now, they must get it from somewhere else. They can possibly buy from the US, and the EU can also make more nuclear energy.
Difficult words: household (a group of people who live in a home), import (when you buy things from another country), nuclear energy (a type of energy which comes from the smallest things called atoms).
https://www.newsinlevels.com/products/eu-and-russian-energy-level-2/
Task 2. Describe the following graph.
Task 3. Speak on the topic: Functions of a Central Bank.
Card №6
Task 1. Give the main idea of the text.
Russia has built up substantial foreign currency reserves in recent years and has the funds to pay, so will likely contest any declaration of default on the grounds that it attempted payment but was blocked by the tightened sanctions regime. Moscow has a deluge of debt service deadlines coming up this year, the first being on Friday, when 100 million euros ($107 million) in interest is due on two bonds, one of which requires dollar, euro, pound or Swiss franc payment while the other can be serviced in rubles.
Reuters and The Wall Street Journal reported Friday that the Russian Finance Ministry had already transferred funds in order to make these payments, but a further $400 million in interest is due late in June.
In the event of a missed payment, Russia will face a 30-day grace period before likely being declared in default. Russia has not defaulted on its foreign currency debt since the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917.
Ash predicted that Russia will lose most of its market access, even to China, in light of the default, since Moscow’s only financing will come at “exorbitant” rates of interest.
“It means no capital, no investment and no growth. Lower living standards, capital and brain drain. Russians will be poorer for a long time to come because of Putin.” Ash suggested that this would further Russia’s isolation from the global economy and reduce its superpower status to a similar level to North Korea.
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/25/russia-is-now-exposed-to-a-historic-debt-default-heres-what-happens-next.html
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