Brief contents of the course

Glossary of linguistic terms:

1. 
   upper case – общее значение
   
2. 
   deeper case –– значение, модифицированное функцией в предложении
   

2.actual division – актуальное членение
3.part of sentence – член предложения
4.immediate constituents – непосредственные составляющие

5. 
   declarative - повествовательное
   
6. 
   imperative - повелительное
   
7. 
   interrogative - вопросительное
   
8. 
   inducement - побуждение
   
9. 
   constative - констатирующее
   
10. 
    performative - действенное
    
11. 
    statement of fact – утверждение
    
12. 
    conjecture - предположение,
    
13. 
    confirmation - подтверждение
    
14. 
    refutation – опровержение
    
15. 
    exhortation- убеждение,
    
16. 
    supplication - просьба
    
17. 
    menace – угроза
    

Additional reading:

1. 
   стр. 186 – 187
   
2. 
   стр. 172-183, 238-256, 267-281
   
3. 
   –
   
4. 
   стр. 272 - 291
   
5. 
   стр. 274-308
   

Practical tasks:

9. 
   Define the communicative sentence type, define the actual division of the sentence:
   

Model: Can the leopard change his spots? - The question is rethorical, the rheme is informationally closed. “The leopard” is the theme, “Can change his spots” is the rheme.
- I say, you and Corky haven’t been arguing, have you?
- Why, whatever makes you think so?

XXXI. The Structural aspect of the sentence

The structure of the sentence includes various relations between the elements of the sentence. They are: relations between the parts of the sentence, components of phrases, the sequence of elements of the sentence. Sentences can be classified into complete, two-axis sentences, which have both primary parts, the subject and the predicate, directly expressed in the structure; and incomplete, one-axis sentences, which have either only subject (vocative – John!; interjectional – Oh, dear!, exclamatory – What a nice day!) or only predicate – imperative – Don’t go away!
Sentences can also be classified from the point of structure into unextended (нераспространенные), consisting only of primary parts of the sentence (Elephants can swim), and extended, which consist both of primary and secondary parts.
Another classification of sentences from the point of view of structure is into simple and composite. The predicative meaning of the sentence is expressed by the finite verb, which is immediately connected with the subject of the sentence. This predicative connection is called the “predicative line” of the sentence. Simple sentence is a sentence where only one predicative line is expressed. – He opened the door. – Sentences with several predicatives referring to one and the same subject cannot be considered as simple: He opened the door and came in.