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Task 
culture (Athena) is shaped by a focus on outputs and results. 
 
– 
Existential 
or person culture (Dionysus) is shaped by the interests of individuals. 

 
National culture 
influences organisation culture in various ways. One model of these effects is the 
'Hofstede model' which describes four dimensions on which cultures differ. 
– Power 
distance 
– Uncertainty 
avoidance 
– Individualism/collectivism 
– Masculinity/femininity 

 
Within an organisation, committees can consist entirely of executives or may be instruments for joint 
consultation between employers and employees. They are a key part of organisational communication 
processes, which are covered in Chapter 18. 
 
CHAPTER ROUNDUP 
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PART B: BUSINESS ORGANISATION STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND GOVERNANCE 
 
174
 
 
1
What is the main intention behind R&D? 
2
What are the elements of the purchasing mix? 
A 
Place, product, price, promotion C 
Product, quality, price, delivery 
B 
Quantity, quality, price, delivery D 
Place, product, price, delivery 
3
Choose the correct word to fill in the blank: planning, production, promotion 
The ……………….. function plans, organises and controls the necessary activities to provide products 
and services. 
4
Marketing is the management process which identifies, anticipates and satisfies customer needs, 
regardless of expense. 
Is this true or false? 
5
Which two of the following are roles of the finance function? 
To provide information to managers for decision-making 
To ensure compliance with social and legal responsibilities 
To record and control what happens to money