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Suppliers (purchase 
strategy)

Profitable 
sales 

Payment for goods 

Long-term 
relationship 

Refusal of credit 

Court 
action 

Wind down relationships 
Customers (product 
market strategy)

Goods as promised 

Future 
benefits 

Buy 
elsewhere 

Sue 
3.3 External stakeholders 
External stakeholder groups – the government, local authorities, pressure groups, the community at 
large, professional bodies – are likely to have quite diverse objectives. 
External stakeholder 
Interests to defend 
Response risk 
Government 

Jobs 

Training 

Tax 

Tax 
increases 

Regulation 

Legal 
action 
Interest/pressure groups 

Pollution 

Rights 

Other 

Publicity 

Direct 
action 

Sabotage 

Pressure on government 
Professional bodies 

Members' 
ethics 

Imposition of ethical standards 
3.4 Another approach 
Stakeholders may also be analysed by reference to whether they have a 
contractual relationship
with 
the organisation. Stakeholders who have such a relationship are called 
primary stakeholders
, while 
those who do not are known as 
secondary stakeholders
. The primary stakeholder category thus includes 
internal
and 
connected
stakeholders, while the secondary stakeholder category equates to 
external
stakeholder status. 
3.5 Stakeholder conflict 
Since their interests may be widely different,