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536
 
27 
(a) 
Tall organisation 
These are the perceived advantages of a tall organisation. 
(b)
 
Advantage 
Disadvantage 
Knowledge sharing

Social groupings 

Informal work practices 

Responsiveness

Speed 

Knowledge sharing can give a wider perspective on an employee's role. Speed and 
responsiveness are another two advantages of the informal organisation. Social groupings, 
however, may act collectively against the organisation and informal work practices may 
violate safety or quality assurance measures. 
(Chapter 5)
28 
To minimise labour turnover and maximise employee retention within the organisation
An organisation may not wish to minimise labour turnover and maximise retention, if the HR plan 
requires downsizing by natural wastage. The other three options are key objectives of HRM. 
(Chapter 6)
29 
A partnership of graphic designers
An existential culture is shaped by the interests of contributing members, such as a professional 
partnership. An entrepreneurial start-up is likely to be a power culture; a construction project a 
task culture; and a large telecom firm a bureaucracy or role culture. 
(Chapter 6)
30 False 
Committees are useful for generating new ideas, but inefficient for ongoing work. 
(Chapter 6)
31 (a) Athena 
Athena represents a task culture where management is seen as completing a series of 
projects. 
(b) 
Giving immediate rulings on points of dispute; Being seen to be impartial 
Fixing the date and time of a meeting, and acting on decisions made are the duties of the 
committee secretary. 
(Chapter 6)
32 
Ensuring the confidentiality of information
Confidentiality may legitimately be breached in the public interest: corporate governance depends 
on the free flow of information to stakeholders. The other options are key themes in corporate 
governance. 
(Chapter 7)
33 
Independent non-executive directors
Non-executive directors (sitting on a remuneration committee) have the independence required 
for this task – while the board of directors (including executive directors) does not. An audit 
committee has responsibilities for review of financial statements, internal controls and internal 
audits, and liaison with external auditors. 
(Chapter 7)
34 False 
According to the stakeholder view, CSR is in the long-term interests of shareholders because it 
helps to secure stakeholder support, access to resources, sustainable business relationships, and 
so on. 
(Chapter 7)
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