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Dealing with misbehaving processes
Regarding the 
ps
 command, by this point you know how to display processes 
running on your server, as well as how to narrow down the output by string or 
resource usage. But what can you actually do with that knowledge? As much as we 
hate to admit it, sometimes the processes our server runs fail or misbehave and you 
need to restart them. If a process refuses to close normally, you may need to kill that 
process. In this section, we introduce the 
kill
 and 
killall
 commands to serve that 
purpose.
The 
kill
 command accepts a PID as an argument and attempts to close a process 
gracefully. In a typical workflow where you need to terminate a process that won't 
do so on its own, you will first use the 
ps
 command to find the PID of the culprit. 
Then, knowing the PID, you can attempt to 
kill
 the process. For example, if PID 
31258
 needed to be killed, you could execute the following:
sudo kill 31258 
If all goes well, the process will end. You can restart it or investigate why it failed by 
perusing its logs.

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Chapter 7