V = S . H
5
6
a)
a)
b)
d)
a
b
S
a
a
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68
1.
Ikki idishning sig‘imi (hajmi) qanday taqqoslanadi?
2.
Hajm o‘lchov birligi sifatida nima olinadi?
3.
Shaklning hajmini o‘lchash deganda nima tushuniladi?
4.
Hajmning qanday o‘lchov birliklarini bilasiz?
5.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepiped hajmini hisoblash formulasini ayting.
O‘ylab ko‘ramiz
Mashq qilamiz
Qirrasi 5 cm ga teng bo‘lgan kubning hajmini toping.
Yechish:
Kub ham to‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepiped bo‘lgani uchun uning hajmi
5 · 5 · 5 = 125 (cm
3
) ga teng bo‘ladi.
Javob:
kubning hajmi 125 cm
3
ga teng.
Umumiy holda, qirrasi
a
ga teng bo‘lgan kubning hajmi
V = a
3
formula bilan ifodalanadi (6-d rasm).
Hajm o‘lchov birliklari
Hajmlarni o‘lchash uchun millimetr kub
(mm
3
)
, detsimetr kub
(dm
3
)
, metr
kub
(m
3
)
, kilometr kub
(km
3
)
kabi o‘lchov birliklaridan foydalaniladi.
Suyuqliklar bilan ish ko‘rilganda 1
dm
3
ni boshqacha
litr
(l)
deb ham
atashadi.
1 litr = 1 dm
3
Endi hajm o‘lchov birliklari orasidagi ba’zi munosabatlarni aniqlaylik.
Ma’lumki, 1 m = 10
dm
. Unda 1
m
3
qirrasi 1
m
(yoki 10
dm
) bo‘lgan kub
hajmiga teng bo‘ladi. Bu kub hajmini
dm
3
da ifodalaylik:
1
m
3
= 1
m
· 1
m
· 1
m
= 10
dm
· 10
dm
· 10
dm
= 1000
dm
3
Demak,
1 m
3
= 1000 dm
3
.
Xuddi shunga o‘xshash,
1 dm
3
= 1000 cm
3
, 1 m
3
= 1 000 000 cm
3
, 1 km
3
= 1 000 000 000 m
3
ekanligini ham aniqlash mumkin.
266.
7-rasmdagi shakllar qirrasi 1 dm ga teng bo‘lgan birlik kubchalardan tuzilgan.
Bu shakllarning hajmini toping.
267.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedda:
a)
a
= 12
cm
,
b
= 15
cm
,
c
= 8
cm
;
b)
a
= 18
dm
,
b
= 9
dm
,
c
= 12
dm
.
Uning hajmini hisoblang.
268.
Asosining yuzi va balandligi bo‘yicha to‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedning
hajmini toping:
a)
S
=
15 cm
2
,
H
= 4
cm
;
b)
S
= 36
dm
2
,
H
= 2
dm
.
269.
8-rasmdagi shakllar qirrasi 1 dm bo‘lgan birlik kubchalardan tuzilgan. Bu
shakllarning hajmini toping. Hajmi teng bo‘lgan shakllarni aniqlang.
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69
a)
d)
b)
e)
a)
b)
d)
e)
272.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedda a)
a
=
6 m,
b
=
12 m
,
c
=
7 m;
b)
a
=
2 dm,
b
=
13 dm,
c
= 6
dm bo‘lsa,
uning hajmini hisoblang.
273.
Yog‘och taxtaning bo‘yi 6 m, eni 2 dm va qalinligi 25 cm. 1 dm
3
taxtaning
massasi 650 g ekani ma’lum bo‘lsa, taxtaning massasini toping.
274.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedning hajmi 3366 cm
2
va balandligi 33 cm
bo‘lsa, asosining yuzini toping.
Uyda bajaramiz
278.
Temirdan qirrasi 20 cm bo‘lgan kub shaklidagi detal tayyorlandi. 10 cm
3
hajmdagi temir parchasining massasi 78 g bo‘lsa, detalning massasini toping.
275.
Santimetrda ifodalang:
a) 2 m 3 dm; b) 18 m 7 dm; d) 2100 mm; e) 3 dm 30 cm 20 mm.
276.
Kvadrat santimetrda ifodalang:
a) 53 dm
2
; b) 18 000 mm
2
; d) 3 m
2
7 dm
2
; e) 4 m
2
30 dm
2
.
277.
Litrda ifodalang:
a) 5 dm
3
; b) 21 000 cm
3
; d) 3 dm
3
7000 cm
3
; e) 2 m
3
3 dm
3
.
Mashq qilamiz
Tatbiq qilamiz
270.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedda a)
V
= 7290
cm
3
,
H
= 54
cm;
b)
V
= 1170
dm
3
,
H
=
78 dm
bo‘lsa, uning asosi yuzini toping.
Tatbiq qilamiz
271.
To‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepiped shaklidagi omborxonaning bo‘yi 24 m, eni
13 m
va hajmi 3432 m
3
. Uning balandligini toping.
7
8
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70
279.
Atirsovunning o‘lchamlari 8 cm, 4 cm va 2 cm. Sovun ishlatilganda har kuni
uning hajmi 4 cm
3
ga kamayib boradi. Sovundan necha kun foydalanish
mumkin?
280.
9-rasmdagi akvariumlar yuqori yog‘i sathidan 10 cm past qilib suv bilan
to‘ldirilgan. Har bir akvariumdagi suv hajmini toping.
a)
b)
10 cm
30 cm
50 cm
50 cm
50 cm
30 cm
40 cm
10 cm
282.
Agar bitta kichik kubchaning hajmi 1 dm
3
bo‘lsa, 11-rasmda tasvirlangan
jismlarning hajmini aniqlang.
281.
10-rasmda tasvirlangan jismlarning hajmini va sirtining yuzini toping:
10 dm
5 dm
a)
b)
d)
4 dm
4 dm
8 dm
3 dm
3 dm
3 dm
5 dm
9 dm
9 dm
3 dm
7 dm
8 dm
4 dm
6 dm
Uyda bajaramiz
283.
Kub santimetrda ifodalang:
a) 8 dm
3
;
b) 22 dm
3
;
d) 5 dm
3
80 cm
3
;
e) 120 000 mm
3
;
f) 7 m
3
9 dm
3
.
284.
Alyuminiydan o‘lchamlari 7 cm, 10 cm va 12 cm bo‘lgan, to‘g‘ri burchakli
paral lelepiped shaklidagi detal tayyorlandi. 10 cm
3
hajmdagi alyuminiy
parchasining massasi 27 g bo‘lsa, detalning massasini toping.
a)
b)
9
10
11
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71
285.
1-rasm asosida to‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedning hajmini hisoblash
jarayonini tushuntiring va toping.
VI BOBNI TAKRORLASHGA DOIR MASALALAR
55
287.
3-rasmdagi to‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedlarning hajmini toping
(bitta kub - 1 m
3
).
288.
4-rasmdagi to‘g‘ri burchakli parallelepipedlarning hajmini toping.
a)
40 cm
50 cm
30 cm
67 mm
86 mm
4 cm
1 m
15 dm
3 dm
3 m
5 m
30 dm
5 m
3 m
82 dm
4 cm
2 dm
5 cm
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