Automotive Coatings Formulation: Chemistry, Physics und Practices



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Automotive Coatings Formulation Ulrich Poth - Chemistry, Physics und Practices (2008, Vincentz Network) - libgen.li

Pos.
m example
Components
wt-% monomers
01
1140
aromatic hydro carbons
02
562
tert.-butyl acrylate
46.3
03
182
n-butyl methacrylate
15.0
04
364
2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate
30.0
05
73
4-hydroxybutyl acrylate
6.0
06
33
acrylic acid
2.7
07
73
tert.-butyl perbenzoate
08
73
aromatic hydro carbons
– 526
aromatic hydro carbons
09
101
1-methoxy propyl acetate
2075
sum
100.0
Pos. 01, 08 
aromatic 100 (boiling range 158 – 172°C)
characteristic values: 
OH-number (NV) 
139 mg KOH/g 
acid number (NV) 
23.6 mg KOH/g 
NV 
60.0 % in aromatic 100/methoxy propyl acetate 32/8 
viscosity 
390 mPa·s (plate-and-cone viscosimeter, 23 °C)
Automotive OEM coatings


179
monomers. What is more, polyesters containing these compounds generate rather steep viscos-
ity curves as a function of solids content and of temperature during heating in the stoving oven. 
The first of these is an advantage as it allows the application solids content to be increased and 
the VOC values to be lowered. The second also seems to be an advantage as a low viscosity dur-
ing the heating phase in the stoving oven is essential for optimum flow and levelling. However, 
it could also prove to be disadvantageous to the wet-on-wet process (clearcoat over basecoat). If 
viscosity of the clearcoat film during the stoving process reaches a minimum, sagging may occur. 
More seriously, the basecoat may show redissolving, followed by disorientation of effect matter 
and loss of effect and brightness. Therefore, there are genuinely objective reasons which militate 
against the wider use of polyesters in automotive clearcoats – but poorer weathering resistance 
is not the main one.
These problems can be circumvented mainly by using water-borne basecoats that do not show 
redissolving relative to solventborne basecoats of increased solids content, and by using use clear-
coats with optimum rheological additives (sag control additives) and polyisocyanate adducts as 
crosslinker. Such clearcoats are available commercially; they are distinguished by better appear-
ance, flow and levelling, and high gloss in comparison to clearcoats based on acrylic resins. They 
also offer superior weathering resistance.

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