Asian Research Journals
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262
Special
Issue
lexical-semantic group (LSGs), which are connected with different levels of a particular
character or feature. The linguistic units were based on the combination of the term”
graduonomy“with the Latin word degree (”degree“,” stage"), which is a common component of
such units as synonymy, omonymia, antonym, which in Uzbek linguistics reflects a different
meaning relationship.[1; 37]
As mentioned above, the study of graduonymy(spiritual degree)as a separate type of literal
relations began in the Uzbek linguistics from the end of the 80s. In linguistics, graduonymy was
studied within the framework of synonyms by a series of words that represented the character in
degrees, until the world was separated as a separate manifestation of spiritual relations. For
example, the words noise - Ghala- are given in the synonymic line in the book “Dictionary of
synonyms of the Uzbek language” by Azim Hajiyev[2;228], but these words also have a
distinguishing feature according to the height of the mutual sound.
The Uzbek language has a rich potential and ancient history.Therefore, we need the roots of our
language from very ancient times. In Uzbek and world linguistics, the issues of synonymy are
studied in detail. It is possible to meet some scientific reasoning in the works of Greek
philosophers, such as Plato, Socrates, Democritus, initially in Chinese and Arabic linguistics
schools.
It is noteworthy to say that the problem of ranking has been studied in the linguistics of Central
Asia since ancient times, but in part we will meet this issue in the work of Alisher Navoi “
Muhokamat-ul-lug‘atayn”. In this work of Navoi, Alisher Navoi asserts that each of the hundred
verbs brought by him has its own meaning in the Uzbek language.Fo r e x ample, there is a verb
to drink, indicating the action of drinking any drink. Navoi used such synonyms as uzbek ,
sipqarmоq, tоmshimоq , which were used by this verb[3 ; 7-b]
For example:
Sоqiyo, tut bоdakim, bir lahza o‘zimdin bоray,
Shart bukim, har nеcha tutsang labо-lab sipqaray.
Sоqiy, chu ichib, mеnga tutar qush,
Tоmshiy-tоmshiy оni qilay no‘sh.
In the work of the great poet Alisher Navoi “Muhokamat ul-lug‘atayn ” dedicated to the
"discussion of two languages", he mentioned some ideas about the synonym of the word "cry"
«yig‘lamоq» in uzbek «yig‘lamоq» so‘zining yig‘lamsinmоq, bo‘хsamоq, ingramоq, singramоq,
siqtamоq, o‘kirmak, inichkirmak, hоy-hоy yig‘lamоq and the spiritual grading in them and gave
beautiful examples with poetry as proof.[ 3 ; 8-b]
For example:
Istasam dabir gulidin ishqingni pinhоn aylamak,
Kеchalar gah ingramakdur оdatim, gah singramak.
Ul оyki, kula-kula qirоg‘latti mеni
Yig‘latti mеni dеmaki, siqtatti mеni.
Alisher Navoi cites the above examples to show the poetic superiority of the synonyms in them,
their stylistic coloring and their role in the verse are incomparable. With this it is possible to
understand that he has a good understanding of the role of synonyms in the language.The great
Uzbek poet Alisher Navoi confirms that the possibilities of the Uzbek language's expression are
not inferior to the Persian language at all, analysis of synonyms for dalillash “cry” and other
ISSN: 2278-4853 Special Issue, March, 2020 Impact Factor: SJIF 2020 = 6.882
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