Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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research, this society has greatly influenced the development of “personnel management theory
and practice”.
As a result of the acceleration of scientific and technological progress in the 90s, the expansion
of markets and increased competition, the following new tasks were assigned to specialists in
human resource management:
• Ensuring that the level of qualification of employees meets the strict requirements of the
modern economy;
• Controlling rising labor costs in developed countries and maintaining the competitiveness of
the social support system;
• Finding ways to support the connection of employees who work outside the company and
develop a sense of belonging to the organization.
At the same time, education, the formation and accumulation of practical experience, health care,
and information retrieval constitute an investment in human capital. At the same time, education
and training, vocational training increase the level of knowledge, that is, serve to increase the
amount of human capital.
Of course, in modern economic dictionaries, capital is broadly defined as everything that brings
income, or resources created by people to produce goods and services, while in the narrow sense
it is called a source of income that is employed as a means of production.
In the last decade, there has been a growing focus on the development of human capital, which is
an integral part of national wealth. These include social protection, human health, improving
family relationships, improving the functioning of neighborhood institutions, and radical changes
in the education system.
The development of human capital is essential for the stability of humanity, the economy,
societies and the world. This is also important for future generations. When countries fail to
invest effectively in human capital, there are huge costs, especially for the poor. These costs will
put future generations at a disadvantage. The inability to create the conditions for citizens to live
effectively due to technological advances that require large expenditures is not only accompanied
by high costs, but also leads to serious inequalities. This also poses a threat to security, as unmet
requirements can lead to unrest.
In this regard, countries that do not make regular investments in human capital will be forced to
eliminate tax deficits and exceptions, improve revenue collection, and redirect spending. For
example, Egypt and Indonesia have sharply reduced energy subsidies in recent years and
redirected these resources to the development of social protection and health systems.
In the period from 2012 to 2016, tobacco tax revenues allowed the Philippine Department of
Health to triple its budget and the share of the population covered by health insurance. Cities in
the United States, such as Philadelphia, are trying to use the carbonated tax to fund preschool
education.
Some of the advantages of human capital development are summarized and are not limited to the
generation in which the investment is made. For example, enriching a mother’s knowledge of a
child’s perinatal care serves to improve the health of children from infancy.
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
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