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has
a test every day
Bo’lishsiz shaklda:
I
don’t have
breakfast every morning
He
doesn’t
have
a test every day.
So’roq shaklda:
Do
you
have
breakfast every morning?
Does
he
have
a test every day?
Hozirgi davom zamonda:
I
am
hav
ing
breakfast
now.
He
is
hav
ing
a test
now.
“To have” and “to have got”
Bularning har ikkalasi “bor bo’lmoq, ega bo’moq” deb tarjimaqilinadi:
52
a)
To have got – “bor bo’lmoq, ega bo’lmoq” ma’nosida
faqat hozirgi noaniq
zamonda qo’llanadi
va bo’lishsiz va so’roq shakllari “have” fe’linig o’zi bilan
yasaladi:
Bo’lishli shaklda:
I
have got
a book. He has got a car.
Bo’lishsiz shaklda:
I
haven’t got
a book. He
hasn’t got
a car
So’roq shaklda:
Have
you got a book?
Has
he got a car?
b)
To have – “bor bo’lmoq, ega bo’lmoq” ma’nosida hozirgi, o’tgan va kelasi
zamonlarda qo’llanadi:
Hozirgi zamonda:
I
have
a car - Mening mashinam bor
O’tgan zamonda;
I
had
a car
last year
- O’tgan yili mening mashiman bor edi
Kelasi zamonda:
I
shall have
a car
next year
- Kelasi yili mening mashinam
bo’ladi.
TUPES OF QUESTIONS
(So’roq gap turlari)
Ingliz tilida 4 ta asosiy so’roq gap turi mavjud:
1)
General Question – Umumiy so’roq gap
2)
Alternative Question – Tanlov so’roq gap
3)
Special Question – Maxsus so’roq gap
4)
Disjuctive Question – Tasdiq so’roq gap.
General question
a)
Suhbatdoshdan biror holat bo’yicha umumiy ma’lumot olish uchun qo’llanadi.
Umumiy so’roq gap yordamchi fe’lni egadan oldinga chiqarib yasaladi va
har doim
qisqa “ha” va “yo’q” javoblaridan birini talab qiladi. Qaysi yoqdamchi fe’l bilan
savol berilsa, o’sha yordamchi fe’l shakli bilan javob beriladi:
Are you
a student? -
Yes, I am / No, I am not
Is
he
in the room? -
Yes, he is / No, he is not
Is
John
a teacher? -
Yes, he is / No, he is not
Do
you
live in Karshi?
-Yes, I do / No, I do not
Does he
clean the room? -
Yes, he does / No, he does not
Does John
speak English? –
Yes, he does / No, he does not
Have you
a house? -
Yes, I have / No, I have not
Has he
a car? -
Yes, he has / No, he has not.
b) Umumiy so’roq gapda savol 1- shaxs birlik va ko’plikda shaxsning o’ziga
berilsa, javob 2- shaxs birlik va ko’plikda bo’ladi:
Am I
a student?
- Yes, you are / No, you are not
Are we
in the room?
- Yes, you are / No, you are not.
c) Savol “this” va “that” ko’rsatish olmoshlari bilan berilsa, javob “it”
olmoshi bilan qaytadi:
Is this
a book?
- Yes, it is / No, it is not
Is that
a pen?
– Yes, it is / No, it is not.
Savol “these” va “those” ko’rsatish olmoshlari bilan berilsa, javob “they”
kishilik olmoshi bilan qaytadi:
Are these
books?
– Yes, they are / No, they are not
Are those
pens?
– Yes, they are / No, they are not
Alternative question
53
Ikkita narsa- predmetdan birini, ikkita belgi- hususiyat va ikkita shaxsdan birini
tanlash uchun qo’llanadi va ularni tanlash uchun
“or” (yoki)
ishlatiladi
. Tanlov
so’roq gap yordamchi fe’llarni egadan oldinga chiqarish yo’li bilan yasaladi va
doim to’liq javob talab qiladi:
Is this
a book or a note- book
?
It is a book
Do you learn
English or Russian
?
I learn English.
Is this film
interesting or boring
?
It is boring.
Is your friend
Ann or Kate
?
Ann is my friend.
Special question
Suhbatdoshdan biror holat bo’yicha mahsus ma’lumot olish uchun qo’llanadi.
Mahsus so’roq gap so’roq olmoshlari va yordamchi fe’llar bilan yasaladi va to’liq
javob talab qiladi:
What is your name? – My name is Nike
How old are you? - I am 18.
Where do you live? – I live in Karshi.
What does your father do? – He is a doctor.
Ba’zida so’roq olmoshlari gapda ega bo’lib kelganda, savol berish uchun
yordamchi fe’l qo’llanmaydi, savol to’g’ridan- to’g’ri mustaqil fe’lning o’zi bilan
beriladi:
Who plays the piano? – I do
What makes you think so? – My problems do.
Which of you lives in Karshi? – Nike does.
Disjuctive question
Fikrni ma’qullash va tasdiqlash uchun qo’llanadi
. Bunda gap 2 qismdan
iborat
bo’ladi:
a) Agar gapning 1- qismi bo’lishli darak gap shaklida bo’lsa, 2- qismi
bo’lishsiz so’roq gap shaklida bo’ladi:
You are a student, aren’t you? - Yes, I am / No, I am not
He is here, isn’t he? - Yes, he is / No, he is not
You live in Karshi, don’t you? – Yes, I do / No, I don’t
He learns English, doesn’t he? – Yes, he does / No, he doesn’t.
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