Vol. 3 (4) Oct – Dec 2012 www.ijrpbsonline.com 1601
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences
ISSN: 2229-3701
Starches
Starch or amylum is a carbohydrate consisting of a
large number of glucose units joined together by
glycosidic bonds. This polysaccharide is produced by
all green plants as an energy store. It is the principal
form of carbohydrate reserve in green plants and
especially present in seeds and underground organs.
Starch occurs in the form of granules (starch grains).
A number
of
starches
are recognized
for
pharmaceutical use. These include maize (Zea mays),
rice (
Oryza sativa), wheat (
Triticum aestivum), and
potato (Solanum tuberosum).
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It is comprised of two polymers, namely amylose (a
non-branching helical polymer consisting of α-1, 4
linked D-glucose monomers) and amylopectin (a
highly branched polymer consisting of both α-1,4 and
α-1,6 linked D-glucose monomers).
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